Crude oil biodegradation under simulated and natural conditions—II. Aromatic steroid hydrocarbons

Petroleum geochemistry of oil and gas from Barbados: Implications for distribution of Cretaceous source rocks and regional petroleum prospectivity

“…the triaromatic steroid distribution, demonstrating the petroleum was generated from a moderate maturity source rock in the oil window. The increase in interpreted maturity relative to the oil samples cannot be attributed to biodegradation because the C 20 and C 21 are more susceptible to biodegradation than the higher homologs (Wardroper et al, 1984). Thus, biodegradation would result in a lower apparent maturity based on TAS, the opposite of what is observed.…”

Steroidal Aromatic ‘Naphthenic Acids’ in Oil Sands Process-Affected Water: Structural Comparisons with Environmental Estrogens

“…Synchronous fluorescence spectra (SFS) suggest that oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) may contain aromatic carboxylic acids, which are among the potentially environmentally important toxicants, but no such acids have yet been identified, limiting interpretations of the results of estrogenicity and other assays. Here we show that multidimensional comprehensive gas chromatographyÀmass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS) of methyl esters of acids in an OSPW sample produces mass spectra consistent with their assignment as C 19 and C 20 C-ring monoaromatic hydroxy steroid acids, D-ring opened hydroxy and nonhydroxy polyhydrophenanthroic acids with one aromatic and two alicyclic rings and A-ring opened steroidal keto acids. High resolution MS data support the assignment of several of the so-called 'O3' species.…”

Oil–source correlation for the paleo-reservoir in the Majiang area and remnant reservoir in the Kaili area, South China

“…For those Lower-Cambrian marine mudstone samples, C 20 -triaromatic steroid is the dominant triaromatic steroid. C 20 -C 21 -triaromatic steroids are more vulnerable in biodegradation compared to C 26 -C 28 -triaromatic steroids (Wardroper et al, 1984). Meanwhile, the increase of thermal maturity could also lead to the decrease in the values of C 26 -C 28 -triaromatic steroids/C 20 -C 21 -triaromatic steroids within the oils and bitumens (Mackenzie et al, 1982;Riolo et al, 1985).…”