Crustal Structure and Seismotectonics of Northern Baja California

Frez, J.; González, J.

doi:10.1306/m47542c15

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…We estimated groundwater inflows (GWin) using Darcy's law (Fetter, 2000), considering an aquifer depth of 10 m and a hydraulic gradient obtained from the data of a piezometric network conformed by six piezometers and three staff gauges along with three cross‐sections locations: R1‐A1‐A2, R4‐B1‐B2, and R6‐C1‐C2 (Figure 3). We constructed the cross‐sections on the eastern side of the marsh with NE–SW direction, following the regional groundwater flow (Frez & Gonzalez, 1991), and we referenced the measurement point to the mean sea‐level elevation with a differential GPS. No piezometers were built on the north and west side of the Ciénega because groundwater flow lines from Mexicali Valley and Mesa Arenosa de Andrade, located northwest to the Ciénega are oriented to the west, along abandoned channels of the Colorado River.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We constructed the cross-sections on the eastern side of the marsh with NE-SW direction, following the regional groundwater flow (Frez & Gonzalez, 1991), and we referenced the measurement point to the mean sea-level elevation with a differential GPS. No piezometers were built on the north and west side of the Ciénega because groundwater flow lines from Mexicali Valley and Mesa Arenosa de Andrade, located northwest to the Ciénega are oriented to the west, along abandoned channels of the Colorado River.…”

Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No piezometers were built on the north and west side of the Ciénega because groundwater flow lines from Mexicali Valley and Mesa Arenosa de Andrade, located northwest to the Ciénega are oriented to the west, along abandoned channels of the Colorado River. These agricultural watercourses drainage agricultural return flows to the estuary (Frez & Gonzalez, 1991). We measured the water table monthly, using a calibrated electric-tape and obtained the hydraulic conductivity by applying the Hvorslev (1951) formulations using the Slug Test methodology, recommended for piezometer that partially penetrates a water-table aquifer (Fetter, 2000).…”

Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of hydrological processes in ecosystem conservation: Comprehensive water management for a wetland in an arid climate

Lomelí-Banda

Ramírez‐Hernández

Rodríguez-Burgueño

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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Water agreements between Mexico and the United States have been crucial to preserving and restoring the Colorado River Delta's wetlands. Nowadays, increased water demand and climate change in the Colorado River Basin could threaten the conservation of the Ciénega de Santa Clara, a 4709 ha coastal wetland at the Sonoran Desert's edge. The international Ramsar convention recognizes the Ciénega de Santa Clara ecosystem for providing vital ecological services, including habitat for endemic, endangered, and migratory species. The hydrology of this wetland has not been completely understood since the 2010-2011 trial run of the Yuma Desalting Plant. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify and quantify the hydrological elements essential for the conservation of this wetland, under three scenarios: (a) normal inflow conditions of the water sourcethe Wellton-Mohawk canal; (b) inflow reductions, and; (c) an increase of temperature due to global warming. Water and mass balances estimates were conducted every month during 2014-2015; in situ measurements of inflows were carried out on Southern International Boundary in Wellton-Mohawk canal, the Riíto Drain, groundwater, and precipitation: evapotranspiration outputs were estimated using local weather stations and Penman-Monteith formulations. Temperature increases were based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projections for the next 100 years. Results showed disconnection in the surface flow of water from the wetland to the adjacent Gulf of California. This behaviour was observed mainly in the summer months in the three scenarios. The disconnections reduced the wetland area and water storage. The hydrological functionality of the Ciénega de Santa Clara wetland depends on the water supply from the Wellton-Mohawk canal, with a minimum continuous discharge of 5.10 m 3 s −1 during the summer months.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of hydrological processes in ecosystem conservation: Comprehensive water management for a wetland in an arid climate

Lomelí-Banda

Ramírez‐Hernández

Rodríguez-Burgueño

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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“…In addition, we tested the stability of our calculations by selecting subsets from our data set. Finally, we analyzed our results in the context of the known features of Mexicali Valley seismicity (Frez and Gonzalez, 1987;Frez and Gonzalez, 1990).…”

Section: The Main Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, our determination for the aftershock of June 9 at 23:33 GMT is almost 2' to the south and 0.5' to the east of the location given by USGS/Caltech. Frez and Gonzalez (1990) reported a systematic error of opposite sense for the Imperial Valley aftershocks located near the Imperial fault, south of the International Border. This difference might be due to a lower seismic velocity associated with the Mexicali Seismic Zone and/or a systematic error in the USGS/Caltech locations due to azimuthal coverage.…”

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The Victoria, Mexico, Earthquake of June 9, 1980

Wong

Frez

Suárez

1997

GeoInt

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El sismo de Victoria de junio 9 de 1980 (ML = 6.1) ocurrió en el Valle de Mexicali cerca de la traza de la falla de Cerro Prieto con un mecanismo focal de fallamiento de rumbo con movimiento lateral derecho en un plano vertical. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos del análisis de datos locales concernientes a los efectos superficiales, localizaciones hipocentrales y mecanismos focales, tanto del evento principal como de la actividad de replicas. No se observan en la superficie las evidencias de los desplazamientos ocasionados por la propagación de la fractura del evento principal. La actividad de replicas se localizó al noroeste del epicentro del evento principal, concentrándose en pequeños grupos en o cerca del extremo noroeste de la falla Cerro Prieto. Algunas replicas se localizaron al norte de donde termina la falla Cerro Prieto y hacia el extremo sureste de la falla Imperial. Solo un pequeño número de réplicas fue localizado en los alrededores del evento principal y ocurrieron pocas horas después de este. La actividad de replicas está localizada principalmente entre 3 y 8 km de profundidad, ubicándose la mayoría de ellas por debajo de la gruesa capa de sedimentos. La profundidad promedio de las réplicas generalmente decrece bacia el noroeste, alejándose del epicentro del evento principal, el cual se encuentra a 9 km de profundidad. Los mecanismos focales compuestos de las réplicas nos muestran un movimiento lateral derecho sobre un plano vertical con orientación N45°W para el grupo más cercano al evento principal, y fallamiento normal para el grupo en el extremo noroeste de la. falla Cerro Prieto. Dos pequeños enjambres sísmicos ocurrieron pocas horas antes del evento principal.doi: sin doi

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Assessing long‐term postseismic deformation following the M7.2 4 April 2010, El Mayor‐Cucapah earthquake with implications for lithospheric rheology in the Salton Trough

et al. 2015

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The 4 April 2010 M w 7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah (EMC) earthquake provides the best opportunity to date to study the lithospheric response to a large (>M6) magnitude earthquake in the Salton Trough region through analysis of Global Positioning System (GPS) data. In conjunction with the EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), we installed six new continuous GPS stations in the months following the EMC earthquake to increase station coverage in the epicentral region of northern Baja California, Mexico. We modeled the pre-EMC deformation field using available campaign and continuous GPS data for southern California and northern Baja California and inferred a pre-EMC secular rate at each new station location. Through direct comparison of the pre-and post-EMC secular rates, we calculate long-term changes associated with viscoelastic relaxation in the Salton Trough region. We fit these velocity changes using numerical models employing an elastic upper crustal layer underlain by a viscoelastic lower crustal layer and a mantle half-space. Forward models that produce the smallest weighted sum of squared residuals have an upper mantle viscosity in the range 4-6 × 1018 Pa s and a less well-resolved lower crustal viscosity in the range 2 × 10 19 to 1 × 10 22 Pa s. A high-viscosity lower crust, despite high heat flow in the Salton Trough region, is inconsistent with felsic composition and might suggest accretion of mafic lower crust associated with crustal spreading obscured by thick sedimentary cover.

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Crustal Structure and Seismotectonics of Northern Baja California

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

The role of hydrological processes in ecosystem conservation: Comprehensive water management for a wetland in an arid climate

The role of hydrological processes in ecosystem conservation: Comprehensive water management for a wetland in an arid climate

The Victoria, Mexico, Earthquake of June 9, 1980

Assessing long‐term postseismic deformation following the M7.2 4 April 2010, El Mayor‐Cucapah earthquake with implications for lithospheric rheology in the Salton Trough

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