Cryptic Genetic Variation in Natural Populations: A Predictive Framework

Ledón-Rettig, Cris C.; Pfennig, David W.; Chunco, Amanda J.; Dworkin, Ian

doi:10.1093/icb/icu077

Cited by 62 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…4, for cooling times exceeding 20 days, may be associated also with cryptic genetic variations 43, 44 , which manifest themselves only under stress conditions. Mild heat shock has been reported to induce polyphenism in larvae of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta , by revealing hidden genetic variations due to stress 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in structural and pigmentary colours in response to cold stress in Polyommatus icarus butterflies

Kertész

Piszter

Horváth

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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While numerous papers have investigated the effects of thermal stress on the pigmentary colours of butterfly wings, such studies regarding structural colours are mostly lacking, despite the important role they play in sexual communication. To gain insight into the possible differences between the responses of the two kinds of colouration, we investigated the effects of prolonged cold stress (cooling at 5 °C for up to 62 days) on the pupae of Polyommatus icarus butterflies. The wing surfaces coloured by photonic crystal-type nanoarchitectures (dorsal) and by pigments (ventral) showed markedly different behaviours. The ventral wing surfaces exhibited stress responses proportional in magnitude to the duration of cooling and showed the same trend for all individuals, irrespective of their sex. On the dorsal wing surface of the males, with blue structural colouration, a smaller magnitude response was found with much more pronounced individual variations, possibly revealing hidden genetic variations. Despite the typical, pigmented brown colour of the dorsal wing surface of the females, all cooled females exhibited a certain degree of blue colouration. UV-VIS spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the magnitude and character of the changes induced by the prolonged cold stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in structural and pigmentary colours in response to cold stress in Polyommatus icarus butterflies

Kertész

Piszter

Horváth

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Since the speed of evolution is in part dependent on the degree of genetic variation underlying phenotypic traits under selection, evolution may proceed more rapidly when novel plasticity is revealed 24, 88, 89 .…”

Section: Phenotypic Plasticity As a Facilitator Versus Constraint On mentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay between plasticity and evolution in response to human-induced environmental change

Diamond

Martin

2016

F1000Res

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Some populations will cope with human-induced environmental change, and others will undergo extirpation; understanding the mechanisms that underlie these responses is key to forecasting responses to environmental change. In cases where organisms cannot disperse to track suitable habitats, plastic and evolved responses to environmental change will determine whether populations persist or perish. However, the majority of studies consider plasticity and evolution in isolation when in fact plasticity can shape evolution and plasticity itself can evolve. In particular, whether cryptic genetic variation exposed by environmental novelty can facilitate adaptive evolution has been a source of controversy and debate in the literature and has received even less attention in the context of human-induced environmental change. However, given that many studies indicate organisms will be unable to keep pace with environmental change, we need to understand how often and the degree to which plasticity can facilitate adaptive evolutionary change under novel environmental conditions.

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“…CGV has received quite some renewed interest over the past decade and it is suggested that CGV provides the raw material of evolution and adaptation under different environmental conditions [17]. Unlocking CGV can be achieved by altered gene-expression regulation, such as the transcriptional response to changing ambient conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of trans regulatory eQTL to cryptic genetic variation in C. elegans

et al. 2017

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BackgroundCryptic genetic variation (CGV) is the hidden genetic variation that can be unlocked by perturbing normal conditions. CGV can drive the emergence of novel complex phenotypes through changes in gene expression. Although our theoretical understanding of CGV has thoroughly increased over the past decade, insight into polymorphic gene expression regulation underlying CGV is scarce. Here we investigated the transcriptional architecture of CGV in response to rapid temperature changes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We analyzed regulatory variation in gene expression (and mapped eQTL) across the course of a heat stress and recovery response in a recombinant inbred population.ResultsWe measured gene expression over three temperature treatments: i) control, ii) heat stress, and iii) recovery from heat stress. Compared to control, exposure to heat stress affected the transcription of 3305 genes, whereas 942 were affected in recovering animals. These affected genes were mainly involved in metabolism and reproduction. The gene expression pattern in recovering animals resembled both the control and the heat-stress treatment. We mapped eQTL using the genetic variation of the recombinant inbred population and detected 2626 genes with an eQTL in the heat-stress treatment, 1797 in the control, and 1880 in the recovery. The cis-eQTL were highly shared across treatments. A considerable fraction of the trans-eQTL (40–57%) mapped to 19 treatment specific trans-bands. In contrast to cis-eQTL, trans-eQTL were highly environment specific and thus cryptic. Approximately 67% of the trans-eQTL were only induced in a single treatment, with heat-stress showing the most unique trans-eQTL.ConclusionsThese results illustrate the highly dynamic pattern of CGV across three different environmental conditions that can be evoked by a stress response over a relatively short time-span (2 h) and that CGV is mainly determined by response related trans regulatory eQTL.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3899-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Cryptic Genetic Variation in Natural Populations: A Predictive Framework

Cited by 62 publications

References 52 publications

Changes in structural and pigmentary colours in response to cold stress in Polyommatus icarus butterflies

Changes in structural and pigmentary colours in response to cold stress in Polyommatus icarus butterflies

The interplay between plasticity and evolution in response to human-induced environmental change

Contribution of trans regulatory eQTL to cryptic genetic variation in C. elegans

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