“…Crystallization is central to many commercial processes and is complex due its sensitivity to a wide range of solutions and ambient conditions (e.g., temperature, concentration, humidity, nucleation sites). − Much research effort has been directed at studying and controlling crystallization, including optics, − semiconductors, , pharmaceuticals, − and others. , Different techniques such as microfluidic or hanging drop methods are used to study crystal growth, − but, in most cases, a preferred direction of crystal growth is not controlled. , …”