Crystal structure correlation of ferroelectric and dielectric properties of Nb doped PZT95/5

Sb2O3‐modified lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics with enhancing piezoelectricity and low loss

“…Therefore, it was difficult to fully turn the ferroelectric domain in the process of polarization. At this time, Sb 2 O 3 played the role of "acceptor" additive; third, when Sb 5+ replaced B-site ions as shown in defect reaction (5), Pb vacancy would also be generated to compensate for the excess positive charge in order to maintain the balance of electricity price. In this case, Sb 2 O 3 also acted as the "donor" additive.…”

“…From the perspective of application, the doping is mainly divided into soft and hard doping. The soft doping can improve the piezoelectric coefficient of PZT ceramics ( d 33 can reach 500–800 pC/N), and the main doping elements include A‐doped Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ , 3 and lanthanide rare‐earth elements and B‐doped Nb 5+ and Ta 5+ 4–6 . Mirzaei et al.…”

“…The soft doping can improve the piezoelectric coefficient of PZT ceramics (d 33 can reach 500-800 pC/N), and the main doping elements include A-doped Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ , 3 and lanthanide rare-earth elements and B-doped Nb 5+ and Ta 5+ . [4][5][6] Mirzaei et al prepared Nb 5+ doping PZT ceramics, which had enhanced dielectric properties (ε r ∼ 17960) and reduced T C in comparison with undoped PZT. 7 Kalem et al studied PZT-based ceramic by adding 5-wt% Sr 2+ and 1-wt% La 3+ that exhibited the maximum piezoelectric properties d 33 = 640 pC/N, k p = 0.56, and mechanical quality factor Q m = 70.…”