“…Previous studies have shown that the Imd pathway transcription factor relish plays a central role in regulating the immune response (Li & Xiang, 2013a, 2013b; Zuo et al, 2016); C‐type lectin is regarded as a potential molecule involved in the immune recognition and phagocytosis of crustaceans through opsonisation (Liu et al, 2007); proPO‐b plays important role in the antibacterial response of crustaceans (Ai et al, 2008; Fagutao et al, 2009); antiviral protein, C‐LSZ and cytoplasmic MnSOD are immune effector proteins with antibacterial and antiviral activities (Vargas‐Requena et al, 2020; Lin et al, 2010; Liang et al, 2017; Li, Li, et al, 2015). In this study, after silencing the MjChi4 gene through RNA interference in vivo, the expression of chitinase (MjChi1, MjChi2, and MjChi3), antiviral protein, C‐type lectin, C‐LSZ and proPO‐b genes decreased significantly; by contrast, the expression of cytosolic MnSOD and the transcription factor relish was upregulated in MjChi4 gene‐silenced shrimp.…”