Crystalline In2O3 nanoparticles synthesis using microwaves vaporization of metallic wires

Crǎciun, D.; Garoi, Petronela; Mogildea, Marian; Mogildea, George; Zgura, Sorin Ion; Vasile, Bogdan Ştefan; Crăciun, V.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.151788

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This clean vaporization was also observed for other tested metals (In, W, Mo, Fe, Al, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sn and graphite). If the experiment is conducted in air, it generates pure metal oxide powders [29]. Development of the high-power microwave generator and the results presented in this paper bring new informations about interaction of the microwaves with metals, that can be use by the different branches of industry but also in space science area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The assessment of the atmospheric air breakdown voltage generated by the interaction between microwaves and metallic wires

Mogildea

Zgura

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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The aim of this research is to understand the plasma initiation process generated by metallic wires when interacting with high energy density microwaves. Lead (Pb) and molybdenum (Mo) wires of 0.5 mm diameter were investigated in this experiment. The end of the metallic wire was placed into the nodal point of a waveguide cavity attached to a microwave generator, where it was exposed to the high energy density of the microwave field. Following the interaction between microwaves and the metallic wire, a plasma was initiated having as effect the wire vaporization. The experiments were conducted in atmospheric air at ~1 bar pressure. From optical emission spectroscopy investigations it was observed that electronic excitation of the plasma has high values and it is in a local thermal equilibrium. The theoretical calculation of the voltages induced in the metallic wires when exposed to high magnitude of the microwave field are similar to those measured in air breakdown experiments. The SEM analysis of the tips of the metallic wires showed that the field effect process is responsible for the ignition of the metallic wires and plasma generation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The assessment of the atmospheric air breakdown voltage generated by the interaction between microwaves and metallic wires

Mogildea

Zgura

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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“…If a CFRP substrate or other material is placed inside the waveguide above the zone where the plasma is generated (Figure 3), the metal oxide vapors will also be deposited on that substrate (Figure 4). If the microwave discharge is performed in a gas containing oxygen such as CO 2 [22] or air [23], metal oxide nanoparticles are formed. If a CFRP substrate or other material is placed inside the waveguide above the zone where the plasma is generated (Figure 3), the metal oxide vapors will also be deposited on that substrate (Figure 4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Tungsten Oxide Nanopowder Deposition on Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for X-ray Attenuation

Mogildea,

Zgura

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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A new method for the synthesis and deposition of tungsten oxide nanopowders directly on the surface of a carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) is presented. The CFRP was chosen because this material has very good thermal and mechanical properties and chemical resistance. Also, CFRPs have low melting points and are transparent under ionized radiation. The synthesis is based on the direct interaction between high-power-density microwaves and metallic wires to generate a high-temperature plasma in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, which afterward condenses as metallic oxide nanoparticles on the CFRP. During microwave discharge, the value of the electronic temperature of the plasma, estimated from Boltzmann plots, reached up to 4 eV, and tungsten oxide crystals with a size between 5 nm and 100 nm were obtained. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the tungsten oxide nanoparticles showed they were single crystals without any extended defects. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the surface of the CFRP sample does not degrade during microwave plasma deposition. The X-ray attenuation of CFRP samples covered with tungsten oxide nanopowder layers of 2 µm and 21 µm thickness was measured. The X-ray attenuation analysis indicated that the thin film with 2 µm thickness attenuated 10% of the photon flux with 20 to 29 KeV of energy, while the sample with 21 µm thickness attenuated 60% of the photon flux.

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Effect of SILAR cycle on gas sensing properties of In2O3 thin films for CO gas sensor

Horoz,

Tuna Yıldırım,

Soltabayev

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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In2O3 thin films were deposited via Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method on glass substrates at 20, 30, 40, and 50 SILAR cycles. The effect of SILAR cycle on the general and CO gas sensing properties of the films was investigated. The GIXRD and FE-SEM results indicated that the films had cubic phase and porous morphology. As a function of temperature and gas concentration, CO gas sensing measurements of In2O3 thin film-based sensors were made, and the detection limit and operating temperature values were determined. The optimal operating temperature was found to be 222 °C for all sensors. The CO sensing results demonstrated that the sensor with 30 SILAR cycle had higher sensitivity for 1–100-ppm gas concentration values at 222 °C operating temperature than the others. The sensing responses of the sensors increased from 12 to 29% for 1-ppm CO gas and from 52 to 91% for 100-ppm CO gas at 222 °C, depending on the SILAR cycle. The detection limit of the sensors toward CO gas at 222 °C reached 1 ppm, and the response and recovery times of the sensor with 30 SILAR cycle were found to be 54.2 s and 49 s for 1-ppm CO, and 47.4 and 62.5 s for 100-ppm CO gas at 222 °C, respectively. The activation energy (Ea) values of the sensors were found to change between 0.08 and 0.15 eV in the temperature range of 300–340 K and between 0.700 and 0.749 eV in the temperature range of 350–520 K, with SILAR cycle number. Finally, in this study, it was revealed that SILAR cycle number changed the structural, morphological, and CO gas sensing properties of the In2O3 thin films, and SILAR cycle optimization was performed for the highly sensitive In2O3 thin film-based CO gas sensor.

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Crystalline In2O3 nanoparticles synthesis using microwaves vaporization of metallic wires

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

The assessment of the atmospheric air breakdown voltage generated by the interaction between microwaves and metallic wires

The assessment of the atmospheric air breakdown voltage generated by the interaction between microwaves and metallic wires

A New Method for Tungsten Oxide Nanopowder Deposition on Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for X-ray Attenuation

Effect of SILAR cycle on gas sensing properties of In2O3 thin films for CO gas sensor

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