Crystalline Vitamin D

Askew, F. A.; Bruce, H. M.; Callow, R. K.; Philpot, J. St. L.; Webster, T. A.

doi:10.1038/128758a0

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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Section: Vitamin D and Tuberculosis: Historical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1903, Niels Finsen was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that shortwave UV light was effective in the treatment of cutaneous TB ( 28 ) . Vitamin D 2 was purified and crystallised in 1931 ( 29 ) and Charpy subsequently pioneered the use of pharmacologic doses (≥1·25 mg daily) of vitamin D 2 to treat cutaneous TB ( 30 ) . Vitamin D 2 was also used to treat pulmonary TB, both as a single agent and, following the introduction of effective anti-TB chemotherapy, as an adjunct to antibiotic treatment ( 31 ) .…”

Section: Vitamin D and Tuberculosis: Historical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Old wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis

Martineau

2011

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality, responsible for 1 . 68 million deaths worldwide in 2009. The global prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is estimated to be 32 %, and this carries a 5-20% lifetime risk of reactivation disease. The emergence of drug-resistant organisms necessitates the development of new agents to enhance the response to antimicrobial therapy for active TB. Vitamin D was used to treat TB in the pre-antibiotic era, and its active metabolite, 1,25-dihydoxyvitamin D, has long been known to enhance the immune response to mycobacteria in vitro. Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with active TB, and several clinical trials have evaluated the role of adjunctive vitamin D supplementation in its treatment. Results of these studies are conflicting, reflecting variation between studies in baseline vitamin D status of participants, dosing regimens and outcome measures. Vitamin D deficiency is also recognised to be highly prevalent among people with latent M. tuberculosis infection in both high-and low-burden settings, and there is a wealth of observational epidemiological evidence linking vitamin D deficiency with increased risk of reactivation disease. Randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of active TB have yet to be performed, however. The conduct of such trials is a research priority, given the safety and low cost of vitamin D supplementation, and the potentially huge public health consequences of positive results. Tuberculosis: Vitamin D: Immunomodulation: Clinical trialsTuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem. The global prevalence of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection has been estimated at 32% (1) , and this carries a 5-20% lifetime risk of reactivation disease in people who are not infected with HIV (2) ; reactivation rates higher than 10% per annum have been reported in HIVinfected people (3) . The WHO estimates that in 2009 there were 9 . 4 million incident cases of active TB, 14 million prevalent cases of TB, 1 . 3 million deaths from TB in HIV-uninfected people and 0 . 38 million deaths from TB in HIV-infected people (4) . The development of new agents to prevent acquisition or reactivation of latent MTB infection and to allow shortening of antimicrobial therapy regimens for active TB without loss of efficacy is a research priority. This paper reviews the growing body of evidence from studies conducted both in vitro and in vivo suggesting that vitamin D might have a role in the prevention and treatment of TB.

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Section: Vitamin D and Tuberculosis: Historical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vitamin D and Tuberculosis: Historical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis

Martineau

2011

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…1A) is a fungal steroid from ergot and upon irradiation to exhibit antirachitic activity found by Windaus and Hess (1926). The structure of the irradiated product of ergosterol was proposed in the same year by three research groups, Askew et al (1932), Reerink and Van Wijk (1931) and Windaus (1931). However, it was not until 1936 when Windaus and Thiele determined the accurate structure of irradiated ergosterol which later named as vitamin D2, or calciferol (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whether Vitamin D Can Prevent Cancer or Not: Recent Research Progress in Vitamin D and Major Cancers

Wang¹,

Cao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol.

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Vitamin D has been widely used as a supplementary component in food and drinks, for it helps human body utilize calcium and phosphorus to make stronger bones and teeth. Both nutrition and skin exposure to sunshine can make vitamin D. Scientists have been investigated the relationship between vitamin D and cancers. So far, certain evidences have been reported showing vitamin D helps curing or reduces the death rate of colon cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer. In this paper we have reviewed recent progress of research in these fields and provide advice for future investigation.

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“…Later vitamin D 1 was shown to be a mixture of vitamin D 2 and tachysterol. A British group headed by Askew [33] successfully identified and determined the structure of the antirachitic, plant-derived sterol as vitamin D 2 or ergocalciferol. Windaus's group confirmed the structure of vitamin D 2 [34] and also isolated and identified the animal-derived, anti-rachitic vitamin D 3 or cholecalciferol and its skin precursor, 7-dehydrocholesterol [35].…”

Section: : 1890-1930: History Of the Discovery Of Vitamin D And Its S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Historical aspects of vitamin D

Jones

2022

Endocrine Connections

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Vitamin D has many physiological functions including upregulation of intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption, mobilization of bone resorption, renal reabsorption of calcium as well as actions on a variety of pleiotropic functions. It is believed that many of the hormonal effects of vitamin D involve a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated transcriptional mechanism involving binding to the cellular chromatin and regulating hundreds of genes in many tissues. This comprehensive historical review provides a unique perspective of the many steps of the discovery of vitamin D and its deficiency disease, rickets, stretching from 1650 until the present. The overview is divided into four distinct historical phases which cover the major developments in the field and in the process highlighting the: a) first recognition of rickets or vitamin D deficiency; b) discovery of the nutritional factor, vitamin D and its chemical structure; c) elucidation of vitamin D metabolites including the hormonal form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; d) delineation of the vitamin D cellular machinery, functions and vitamin D-related diseases which focused on understanding the mechanism of action of vitamin D in its many target cells.

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Crystalline Vitamin D

Cited by 29 publications

References 1 publication

Old wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis

Old wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis

Whether Vitamin D Can Prevent Cancer or Not: Recent Research Progress in Vitamin D and Major Cancers

100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Historical aspects of vitamin D

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