Crystallinity in silk fibers: Partial acid hydrolysis and related studies

Bhat, N. V.; Nadiger, G. S.

doi:10.1002/app.1980.070250518

Cited by 121 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Muga and eri also show some tendencies to fibrillate before breaking, which is not the case with mulberry variety. Bhat and Nadiger 18 found that treatment with 6N HCl could preferentially dissolve the amorphous portions in silk.…”

Section: Fracture Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Indian silk. I. Macrocharacterization and analysis of amino acid composition

Sen

K²

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

126

110

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This first in a series of articles characterized the different varieties of Indian silk for their macrostructural parameters, such as filament length, degumming loss, denier, cross section, moisture regain, and intrinsic viscosity, for example. The results of amino acid analysis using a reverse-phase technique were also reported. Five Indian silk varieties-two mulberry (bivoltine and crossbreed) and three nonmulberry (tasar, muga, and eri)-were investigated. The differences existing between the different varieties and the extent of lengthwise variations within a cocoon in the dimensional and macrostructural parameters were discussed. It was observed that denier of the filament decreases considerably from the outer to the inner layers, whereas density showed an increasing trend in all the varieties. Both the mulberry silks demonstrated lower moisture regain. Electron micrographs of all the nonmulberry varieties showed microvoids in their cross section. Fraction studies showed the development of mushroom structure on the tips. In both types of mulberry silk, glycine, alanine, and serine constitute about 82% of the amino acids present. On the other hand, in nonmulberry silks, these constitute about 73% with a high proportion of alanine. The nonmulberry varieties showed a substantial proportion of amino acids with bulky side groups. Similarly, the higher hydrophilic to hydrophobic amino acid ratio (9.06 -9.85) for nonmulberry silks, compared against that of the mulberry varieties (5.29 -6.22), was shown to be responsible for the higher moisture content of nonmulberry silks. Cystine and methionine were present in all the varieties. The higher intrinsic viscosity of nonmulberry varieties suggested their higher molecular weight. Through amino acid analysis, it was shown that there is no difference in chemical architecture between the outer and the inner layers of cocoons.

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Section: Fracture Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Indian silk. I. Macrocharacterization and analysis of amino acid composition

Sen

K²

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

126

110

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“…Bhat and Nadiger 13 reported the method for calculating the crystallinity index of silk fibroin by using the intensity ratio of the IR absorption bands at 1265 and 1235 cm…”

Section: Analysis Of Secondary Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and conformational changes of regeneratedAntheraea pernyi silk fibroin films treated with methanol solution

Kweon

Park

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin films were prepared from calcium nitrate solution and crystallized with aqueous methanol solution. The structural and conformational changes were investigated by the X-ray diffraction method and infrared spectroscopy upon methanol treatment. The concentration and treatment time of aqueous methanol solution have a great influence on the conformation of regenerated films. The conformational change from a random coil to ␤-sheet structure was occurred within 5 min by the treatment of 40 -60% methanol solution. As the methanol concentration increases up to 100%, the transition time of conformational change is delayed, and the structural change is not occurred in the case of 100% methanol used. The content of a ␣-helix, ␤-sheet, and random coil conformation was calculated and examined to find out the effect of methanol treatment on the conformation changes. The ␤-sheet structure can be transformed from a random coil, while the content of ␣-helix structure is not changed, regardless of methanol treatment.

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“…[147,148] When these properties are combined with the inherent biocompatibility, applications for medical devices can be considered. [27,149] The domesticated silkworm B. mori is the common source of silk fiber, although spiders [146,150] also produce silk proteins.…”

Section: Silk Fibroin Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐microfluidics: Biomaterials and Biomimetic Designs

et al. 2009

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Bio-microfluidics applies biomaterials and biologically inspired structural designs (biomimetics) to microfluidic devices. Microfluidics, the techniques for constraining fluids on the micrometer and sub-micrometer scale, offer applications ranging from lab-on-a-chip to optofluidics. Despite this wealth of applications, the design of typical microfluidic devices imparts relatively simple, laminar behavior on fluids and is realized using materials and techniques from silicon planar fabrication. On the other hand, highly complex microfluidic behavior is commonplace in nature, where fluids with nonlinear rheology flow through chaotic vasculature composed from a range of biopolymers. In this Review, the current state of bio-microfluidic materials, designs and applications are examined. Biopolymers enable bio-microfluidic devices with versatile functionalization chemistries, flexibility in fabrication, and biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Polymeric materials such as alginate, collagen, chitosan, and silk are being explored as bulk and film materials for bio-microfluidics. Hydrogels offer options for mechanically functional devices for microfluidic systems such as self-regulating valves, microlens arrays and drug release systems, vital for integrated bio-microfluidic devices. These devices including growth factor gradients to study cell responses, blood analysis, biomimetic capillary designs, and blood vessel tissue culture systems, as some recent examples of inroads in the field that should lead the way in a new generation of microfluidic devices for bio-related needs and applications. Perhaps one of the most intriguing directions for the future will be fully implantable microfluidic devices that will also integrate with existing vasculature and slowly degrade to fully recapitulate native tissue structure and function, yet serve critical interim functions, such as tissue maintenance, drug release, mechanical support, and cell delivery.

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Crystallinity in silk fibers: Partial acid hydrolysis and related studies

Cited by 121 publications

References 21 publications

Studies on Indian silk. I. Macrocharacterization and analysis of amino acid composition

Studies on Indian silk. I. Macrocharacterization and analysis of amino acid composition

Structural and conformational changes of regeneratedAntheraea pernyi silk fibroin films treated with methanol solution

Bio‐microfluidics: Biomaterials and Biomimetic Designs

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