Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies of a galactose-specific lectin from the seeds of bitter gourd (<i>Momordica charantia</i>)

Chandran, Thyageshwar; Sharma, Alok; Vijayan, M.

doi:10.1107/s174430911002659x

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…MCL appeared as a single band with a molecular weight near 130 kDa in SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions (without b-mercaptoethanol). These findings are commensurate with previous reports (12,13). About 24 mg homogeneous MCL were harvested from 250 g dried seeds.…”

Section: A New Effective Methods Established For the Isolation Of MCLsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Among a variety of sugars used for the testing of sugar specificity of a Phaseolus vulgaris lectin (15), the hemagglutinating activity (16 units) of MCL was specifically inhibited only by D-galactose and a-lactose at a concentration of 25 mmol/L. These data were in accordance with previous reports (12,13). The N-terminal amino acid sequence of 1 of the 4 subunits of MCL is NEQCSPQQRT, which coincides with the results of Tanaka and coworkers (23).…”

Section: Characterization and Bioinformatic Analysis Of MCLsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The common way for the purification of MCL is to make use of galactopyranosyl columns (such as cross-linked arabinogalactan and galactosyl Sepharose 4B columns) based on its galactose-specific activity (12,13,(20)(21)(22). As Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: A New Effective Methods Established For the Isolation Of MCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the 6 RIPs, ricin and CS-RIP (a type II RIP from Camellia sinensis) exhibited a relatively close evolutionary relationship with MCL. Currently, only preliminary X-ray studies of MCL have been reported (12), and there is a lack of detailed NMR spectroscopic data. By using the on-line Phyre server (24), a predictive 3D structure (ribbon diagram) of MCL was generated ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Characterization and Bioinformatic Analysis Of MCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purity of the acquired MCL fraction and its molecular weight (native conditions) were investigated by 15% nonreducing SDS-PAGE (12,13). N-Terminal amino acid sequence was analyzed using an HP 1000A Edman degradation unit and an HP 1000 HPLC system (Hewlett Packard; ref.…”

Section: Identification and Characterization Of MCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Momordica Charantia Lectin, a Type II Ribosome Inactivating Protein, Exhibits Antitumor Activity toward Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2012

Cancer Prevention Research

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The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains high in endemic regions, including southern China, northern Africa, and North America. One of the promising therapeutic approaches on NPC is drug screening from natural products, such as components from traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, the antitumor activity of Momordica charantia lectin (MCL), a type II ribosome inactivating protein from bitter gourd, on NPC was investigated. MCL evinced potent cytotoxicity toward NPC CNE-1 (IC 50 ¼ 6.9) and CNE-2 (IC 50 ¼ 7.4) cells but minimally affected normal NP 69 cells. Further investigation disclosed that MCL induced apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, G 1 -phase arrest, and mitochondrial injury in both types of NPC cells. The reduction of cyclin D1 and phosphoretinoblastoma (Rb) protein expression contributed to arrest at G 1 -phase of the cell cycle. These events were associated with regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK; including p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK) phosphorylation and promoted downstream nitric oxide (NO) production. Concurrent administration of the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB-203580 significantly diminished NO production and lethality of MCL toward NPC cells. Further studies revealed that MCL increased cytochrome c release into the cytosol, activated caspases-8, -9, and -3, and enhanced production of cleaved PARP, subsequently leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Finally, an intraperitoneal injection of MCL (1.0 mg/kg/d) led to an average of 45% remission of NPC xenograft tumors subcutaneously inoculated in nude mice. This is the first article that unveils the potential of a type II RIP, MCL, for prevention and therapy of NPC.

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Section: A New Effective Methods Established For the Isolation Of MCLsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Characterization and Bioinformatic Analysis Of MCLsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: A New Effective Methods Established For the Isolation Of MCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterization and Bioinformatic Analysis Of MCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification and Characterization Of MCLmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Momordica Charantia Lectin, a Type II Ribosome Inactivating Protein, Exhibits Antitumor Activity toward Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2012

Cancer Prevention Research

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Non‐toxic Type 2 Ribosome‐inactivating Proteins

Jiménez

Gayoso

Girbés

2014

Ribosome‐inactivating Proteins

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Identification of mycobacterial lectins from genomic data

2012

Self Cite

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Sixty-four sequences containing lectin domains with homologs of known three-dimensional structure were identified through a search of mycobacterial genomes. They appear to belong to the β-prism II, the C-type, the Microcystis virdis (MV), and the β-trefoil lectin folds. The first three always occur in conjunction with the LysM, the PI-PLC, and the β-grasp domains, respectively while mycobacterial β-trefoil lectins are unaccompanied by any other domain. Thirty heparin binding hemagglutinins (HBHA), already annotated, have also been included in the study although they have no homologs of known three-dimensional structure. The biological role of HBHA has been well characterized. A comparison between the sequences of the lectin from pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacteria provides insights into the carbohydrate binding region of the molecule, but the structure of the molecule is yet to be determined. A reasonable picture of the structural features of other mycobacterial proteins containing one or the other of the four lectin domains can be gleaned through the examination of homologs proteins, although the structure of none of them is available. Their biological role is also yet to be elucidated. The work presented here is among the first steps towards exploring the almost unexplored area of the structural biology of mycobacterial lectins.

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Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies of a galactose-specific lectin from the seeds of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Momordica Charantia Lectin, a Type II Ribosome Inactivating Protein, Exhibits Antitumor Activity toward Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Momordica Charantia Lectin, a Type II Ribosome Inactivating Protein, Exhibits Antitumor Activity toward Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Non‐toxic Type 2 Ribosome‐inactivating Proteins

Identification of mycobacterial lectins from genomic data

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