Cu(InGa)Se<sub>2</sub>Solar Cells

Shafarman, William N.; Siebentritt, Susanne; Stolt, Lars

doi:10.1002/9780470974704.ch13

Cited by 67 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 228 publications

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“…the fact that the quantum efficiency of a solar cell is smaller than 1. Optical losses in kesterite or chalcopyrite thin film solar cells contain the grid shadowing, the reflection by the ZnO window (which can be largely avoided by an antireflection coating, as was used in all solar cells listed in table 1), the absorption in the ZnO window and the CdS buffer [10]. Since these losses are very similar in CIGS solar cells, we can just assume the same ratio of optical losses for the kesterite solar cells.…”

Section: Comparison With the Shockley-queisser Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are kesterite solar cells not 20% efficient?

2013

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Although kesterite solar cells show the same range of band gaps as the related chalcopyrites, their efficiencies have so far reached only 10%, compared to 20% for the chalcopyrites. A review of the present literature indicates that several non-ideal recombination channels pose the main problem: (i) recombination at the interface between the kesterite and the CdS buffer. This is very likely due to an unfavourable clifflike band alignment between the absorber and the buffer. However, for pure selenide absorbers, this recombination path is not dominating, which could be due to a spike-like band alignment at the absorber-buffer interface. (ii) A second major recombination becomes obvious in a photoluminescence maximum well below the band gap, even in record efficiency absorbers. This is either due to a very high density of defects, comparable to the density of states in the band, or to stannite inclusions. In view of the phase diagram, secondary phases are not likely the source of the low energy emission.Only in sulphide kesterite a non-stoichiometric SnS phase could also cause this low energy radiative recombination.

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Section: Comparison With the Shockley-queisser Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are kesterite solar cells not 20% efficient?

2013

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“…2 The firstnearest-neighbor shell around each Cu and In atom consists of four Se atoms, while Se is coordinated by two Cu and two In atoms.…”

Section: Computational Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the agreement between theory and experiment for this material has not been satisfactory, and the calculations have been criticized for not reproducing experimental results. 2 Only recently methods overcoming the band gap problem have become feasible for wider use in defect studies. For instance, the local-density exchange-correlation functional can be replaced by a hybrid functional such as the HeydScuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) functional.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redirecting focus in CuInSe2research towards selenium-related defects

Oikkonen¹,

Ganchenkova²,

Seitsonen³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. B

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Density-functional-theory calculations have often been used to interpret experimental observations of defects in CuInSe 2 (CIS). In this work, we bring back under scrutiny conclusions drawn from earlier calculations employing the (semi)local-density approximation. We present hybrid-functional results showing that copper-or indium-related defects such as V Cu or In Cu do not create charge transition levels within the band gap in CIS. Instead, deep levels in CIS can only arise from selenium-related defects, which act as recombination centers in this material.

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“…For a long time, CuInSe 2 and CuIn x Ga 1-x Se 2 have been considered as promising materials for high-performance thin-film solar cells and fabrication of monolithically interconnected modules intended for cost-effective power generation (Shafarman & Stolt, 2003). Parameters of CuIn x Ga 1-x Se 2 can be fitted as optimal for the photoelectric conversion.…”

Section: Copper-indium-gallium Diselenidementioning

confidence: 99%

Thin-Film Photovoltaics as a Mainstream of Solar Power Engineering

Kosyachenko¹

2011

Solar Cells - Thin-Film Technologies

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Cu(InGa)Se₂Solar Cells

Cited by 67 publications

References 228 publications

Why are kesterite solar cells not 20% efficient?

Why are kesterite solar cells not 20% efficient?

Redirecting focus in CuInSe2research towards selenium-related defects

Thin-Film Photovoltaics as a Mainstream of Solar Power Engineering

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Cu(InGa)Se2Solar Cells

Cited by 67 publications

References 228 publications

Why are kesterite solar cells not 20% efficient?

Why are kesterite solar cells not 20% efficient?

Redirecting focus in CuInSe2research towards selenium-related defects

Thin-Film Photovoltaics as a Mainstream of Solar Power Engineering

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Cu(InGa)Se₂Solar Cells