Cu-releasing bioactive glass/polycaprolactone coating on Mg with antibacterial and anticorrosive properties for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Bioactive glass nanoparticles containing copper (Cu-BGNs) were introduced into polycaprolactone (PCL) coating systems to improve the bioactivity, antibacterial properties, and corrosion resistance of vulnerable magnesium matrices under physiological conditions. The influence of different amounts of Cu-BGNs in PCL coatings was thoroughly investigated in determining the wettability, electrochemical properties, and antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus carnosus and Escherichia coli, as well as their cyto-compatibility. Cu-BGNs were observed randomly scattered in PCL coatings. Increasing the concentration of Cu-BGNs resulted in a slight decrease of the water contact angle, and a reduction in anticorrosion properties of the Cu-BGN composite coatings. Yet higher Cu-BGN content in coatings led to more calcium phosphate formation on the surface after 7 days of immersion in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, which was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The growth of S. carnosus and E. coli was inhibited by Cu ions released from the Cu-BGN coatings. In addition, both direct and indirect cyto-compatibility experiments showed that the viability and proliferation of MG-63 cells on Cu-BGN coatings were highly increased compared to pure magnesium; however, an additional increase of Cu-BGN concentration showed a slight decrease of cell proliferation and cell activity. In summary, Cu-BGN/PCL composite coatings impart magnesium-based biomaterials with antibacterial and anticorrosive properties for clinical applications.

Ag and Mn-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles incorporated into the chitosan/gelatin coatings deposited on PEEK/bioactive glass layers for favorable osteogenic differentiation and antibacterial activity

“…Calcein/DAPI fluorescent staining is generally used to indicate intracellular esterase activity present in viable cells. [46][47][48] Dense and evenly dispersed cells with relatively large nuclei were observed on the surface of both coatings, as shown in Fig. 11A and B.…”

Advances in Antibacterial Functionalized Coatings on Mg and Its Alloys for Medical Use—A Review

“…In the study of Zhao et al, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and polymethyltrimeth-oxysilane (PMTMS) were introduced into AZ31 Mg alloys via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly and a siloxane self-condensation reaction [66]. Yang et al introduced copper-bearing bioactive glass nanoparticles into polycaprolactone coating systems to improve the bioactivity, antibacterial property, and corrosion resistance of magnesium matrices and thoroughly compared different amounts of Cu-BGNs (1, 3, and 5 wt.%) in PCL coatings in their study [67]. Metallic oxides have also been demonstrated to have antibacterial capabilities.…”

“…It can be seen from the table that multifunctional coatings with the properties of good corrosion resistance and excellent antibacterial ability are combination with a verity of materials. Biodegradable polymers with good biocompatibility such as polydopamine (PD) [24], polycaprolactone (PCL) [67,97], poly (D, L-lactic acid) [63,64] are the most frequently used coating materials. Moreover, many studies were concentrated on dipping [24,53,102,106], layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly [58], and electrophoretic deposition [31,109] to combine the properties of different polymers.…”

“…Typical studies on in vitro cytocompatibility are shown in Table 6. In cell studies, the cytocompatibility and positive effects of antibacterial coatings on cell proliferation were frequently shown for bone-linked cells such as murine osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1 [18][19][20]24,27] and human osteoblast cell line MG-63 [67,96]. Besides proliferation, cell adhesion and osteoblast differentiation were also evaluated in most of the studies.…”

“…Besides proliferation, cell adhesion and osteoblast differentiation were also evaluated in most of the studies. Direct and indirect cell proliferation tests were taken in the study of Yang's to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Cu-BGN coatings [67]. The results showed that, compared with pure magnesium, the Cu-BGN coating greatly improves the proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of MG-63 cells.…”