Cucurbit Seed Development and Production

Welbaum, Gregory E.

doi:10.21273/horttech.9.3.341

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Maximum seed quality during seed development is believed to coincide with PM, or the moment of maximum seed dry weight accumulation, after which viability and vigor would decrease (Abdul-Baki and Anderson, 1972;Harrington, 1972). However, there is evidence that in some species seed quality may increase after PM Ellis, 1992a, 1992b;Sinniah et al, 1998;Welbaum, 1999). Based on our results, 'Tango' lettuce seed germinability and storability may increase or decrease after PM depending on the maternal light environment (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Light Environment During Seed Development Affects Lettuce Seed Weight, Germinability, and Storability

Contreras¹,

Bennett²,

Metzger³

et al. 2008

horts

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Seed germinability and storability are important aspects of seed quality determined by the genotype and environment of seed development. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is produced commercially in most temperate and subtropical areas of the world. The objective of this study was to determine how photoperiod and light quality of the mother plant environment affects lettuce seed quality. Seeds of cv. Tango were produced in growth chambers under one of two treatments: a) short day (SD), consisting of 8 hours of fluorescent light (≈310 μmol·m−2·s−1) plus 16 hours of darkness daily, and b) long day (LD), consisting of 4 hours of incandescent light (≈21 μmol·m−2·s−1), 8 hours of fluorescent light, 4 hours of incandescent light, and 8 hours of darkness daily. The red to far-red ratio was ≈6.8 and 1.0 for the fluorescent and incandescent light, respectively. In both treatments, the temperature was 23 °C. The LD treatment produced significantly heavier seeds; however, germination at optimal conditions (20 °C-light) was similar for both treatments. Germinability (percentage and rates) at suboptimal conditions (30 °C, 20 °C with different external ABA concentrations, negative osmotic potentials, or dark) was higher for seeds produced under the LD treatment. On the other hand, seeds produced under the LD treatment presented better storability (evaluated by the accelerated aging test and standard germination after storage at 30 °C and 74% RH). The critical period for light environment effects was also studied. Seed weight patterns were determined early in seed development, during the first 6 days after flowering. Conversely, light environment effects on seed germinability and storability were determined at the end of seed development, after physiological maturity, which occurred by 11 days after flowering. These results show that lettuce seed germinability and storability may be modified by management of light conditions during seed production and provide useful information for seed producers, seed companies, and seed conservation institutions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Light Environment During Seed Development Affects Lettuce Seed Weight, Germinability, and Storability

Contreras¹,

Bennett²,

Metzger³

et al. 2008

horts

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“…However, the stage during seed development at which seeds attain maximum quality is subject of some controversy. Seeds developed in fleshy-fruited species generally attain maximum germination and vigor at the end of the seed-filling period, when physiological maturity is reached (Welbaum, 1999). However, in some those species, maximum seed dry matter accumulation and seed quality do not coincide, such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) (Demir and Ellis, 1992b;Oliveira et al, 1999), melon (Cucumis melo L.) (Welbaum and Bradford, 1988) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, degenerative changes occur in the seeds once full physiological maturity has been attained (Harrington, 1972). Under field conditions, the transition from high quality to aged or even dead muskmelon seeds occurs swiftly over a matter of a few days (Welbaum, 1999). Then, the occurrence of maximum seed quality during development and its association with seed and fruit features are important factors to define the ideal harvest time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in seed quality during fruit maturation of sweet pepper

Vidigal¹,

Dias²,

Dias³

et al. 2011

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Studies regarding seed maturation are important to determine the ideal fruit development stage for harvesting in order to obtain high-quality seeds. Changes in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seed quality were monitored during seed development in order to identify the stage of maximum quality of the seeds and the optimum harvest date. Fruits harvested from 20 to 75 days after anthesis (DAA) with step of five days were grouped according to maturity stage (green, yellow, red and intense red color outside). Before seed extraction, the fruit weigh, diameter and length were determined. Seed water content, seed dry weight, 1.000-seed weight, germination, first count, speed emergence index, seedling length, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity tests were performed. Mass maturity of the seeds was attained at 75 DAA, when seed water content was 47.3 % and the fruits were red. Sweet pepper seeds with high germination and vigour should be harvested when fruits are completely red outside, at 75 DAA

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“…Whether the structure of the endotesta layer in triploid watermelon is affected by environmental or cultural conditions during development is unknown. As in muskmelon seeds (Welbaum, 1999), several factors could affect seedcoat morphology and the endotesta layer, including the nutrition of the mother plant, maturity at harvest, final seed size, mechanical integrity, seed desiccation, and aging. After 24 h imbibition there seems to be no major difference in the condition of the seedcoat except for a large expansion of the seed epidermal layer for both diploid ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…its, such as muskmelons (Welbaum, 1999) and triploid watermelon (T. Williams, Syngenta Seeds, Inc., personal communication).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedcoat Structure and Oxygen-enhanced Environments Affect Germination of Triploid Watermelon

Grange¹,

Leskovar²,

Pike³

et al. 2003

jashs

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Triploid or seedless watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai] cultivars often have erratic germination and low seedling vigor. The morphology of the seedcoat on two triploid cultivars—Tri X 313 and Tri X Sunrise—was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify structural differences compared to diploid seeds. Triploid seeds incubated with oxygen-enhanced treatments that included nicking, 1% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and 40% oxygen were investigated at low and high medium moisture levels. Triploid seed has a thicker seedcoat with a dense endotesta layer and a larger and highly variable air space surrounding the embryonic axis as compared with diploid seed. All cultivars rapidly imbibed water (≈50% of the original weight) during the first hour of imbibition, with a faster increase for triploids than for diploids. High moisture affected germination to a lesser extent in diploid than triploid seeds. Triploid germination under low medium moisture ranged from 96% to 76%, but was severely reduced to <27% under high medium moisture. Triploid seed germination was significantly improved at high moisture by H2O2 and by 40% oxygen. Triploid watermelon seed is very sensitive to submerged conditions, possibly due to a combination of physiological and morphological defects. The rapid imbibition and excess water collected in the seedcoat and air space surrounding the embryo, could reduce oxygen diffusion and impair metabolic pathways leading to normal germination and seedling development.

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Cucurbit Seed Development and Production

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Maternal Light Environment During Seed Development Affects Lettuce Seed Weight, Germinability, and Storability

Maternal Light Environment During Seed Development Affects Lettuce Seed Weight, Germinability, and Storability

Changes in seed quality during fruit maturation of sweet pepper

Seedcoat Structure and Oxygen-enhanced Environments Affect Germination of Triploid Watermelon

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