Cue-approach training for food behavior

Itzkovitch, Alon; Or, Maya Bar; Schönberg, Tom

doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101202

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The current theoretical account for CAT primarily focuses on how selective attention toward go items may change people's subsequent preference for these items (Itzkovitch et al, 2022;Schonberg & Katz, 2020). While selective attention processes may indeed play a role in the CAT effect, the current findings raise the question of whether part of the CAT effect can also be explained by action interpretation.…”

Section: Practical Implications Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…This go valuation effect is defined as a more positive evaluation of go items compared to both no-go and untrained items. The go valuation effect may be explained by an inherent link between (invigorated) go responses and reward (Guitart-Masip et al, 2014;Verbruggen et al, 2014), and/or increased attention toward go items when responding rapidly (Itzkovitch et al, 2022;Schonberg & Katz, 2020). However, since most studies using the GNG did not implement a strict response deadline on go trials and did not observe a go valuation effect, we will not further discuss the go valuation effect here, but will come back to this phenomenon in the general discussion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Action interpretation determines the effects of go/no-go and approach/avoidance actions on stimulus evaluation

Chen,

Van Dessel

2024

Preprint

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Executing go/no-go or approach/avoidance responses toward a stimulus can change its evaluation. To explain these effects, some theoretical accounts propose that executing these responses inherently triggers affective reactions (i.e., action execution), while others posit that the evaluative influences originate from interpreting these responses as valenced actions (i.e., action interpretation). To test the role of action execution and action interpretation in these evaluative effects, we developed a novel training task that combined both go/no-go and approach/avoidance actions orthogonally. Participants either responded or did not respond (i.e., go/no-go) to control a shopping cart on screen, and as a result, either collected or did not collect (i.e., approach/avoidance) certain food items. When the task instructions referred to the go/no-go actions (Experiment 1, N = 148), we observed an effect of these actions. Participants evaluated no-go items less positively than both go and untrained items. No effect of approach/avoidance actions was observed. Contrarily, when the task instructions referred to the approach/avoidance actions (Experiment 2, N = 158), we observed an approach/avoidance effect. Participants evaluated approached items more positively and avoided items less positively than untrained items. No effect of go/no-go actions was observed. This suggests that action interpretation determined whether go/no-go or approach/avoidance actions influenced stimulus evaluation, when the same motor responses were made. Further examination of the role of action interpretation can inform theories of how actions influence stimulus evaluation, and facilitate the use of these interventions in applied settings.

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Section: Practical Implications Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Action interpretation determines the effects of go/no-go and approach/avoidance actions on stimulus evaluation

Chen,

Van Dessel

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CAT is a behavioral training task used to induce choice and preference changes for given stimuli in the absence of external reinforcement 8,10,11 . Specifically, when people are cued to manually respond to a stimulus (e.g., 'Go'), they are more likely to prefer and more frequently choose Go stimuli over NoGo stimuli despite having comparable initial preferences for Go and NoGo stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAT task prompts participants to give speeded motor responses to cued stimuli, ultimately increasing positive evaluations or preference toward these trained stimuli (Schonberg et al, 2014; Salomon et al, 2018; Schonberg & Katz, 2020; Itzkovitch et al, 2022). While CAT has been used to alter preferences for various stimuli, such as food, abstract patterns, images (for a review, see Salomon et al 2018), its impact on higher-order social-cognitive processes such as self-referential processing remains unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivating Positive Personality Traits During Sleep Promotes Positive Self-Referential Processing

Yao

Xia

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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People tend to view themselves through rose-tinted glasses, as evidenced by preferential recall of positive personality traits. We asked whether reactivating positive personality traits during sleep could enhance peoples' positive self-evaluative memories. After a baseline self-referential encoding task in which participants endorsed positive and negative traits as self-descriptive, participants were trained to give timely responses to positive traits in a cue-approach training (CAT) task. Once participants had entered slow-wave sleep during a subsequent nap, half of the trained positive traits were unobtrusively re-played to them to promote consolidation (targeted memory reactivation, TMR). Participants completed free-recall tasks about self-descriptive traits to measure their self-evaluative memories. Our findings revealed that TMR prioritized the recall of positive traits that were strongly memorized before sleep, while impairing the recall of intermediate traits. The results suggest pre-TMR self-evaluative memory strength modulated the TMR benefits. Sleep EEG analyses revealed that compared with weak/intermediate/control traits, re-playing strongly memorized traits during sleep elicited greater sigma power changes, which likely reflect preferential memory reactivation. Our results demonstrate the potential implication of wakeful cue-approach training and sleep-based memory reactivation in strengthening positive self-evaluative memories.

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“…CAT is a behavioral training task used to induce choice and preference changes for given stimuli in the absence of external reinforcement 8,10,11 . Speci cally, when people are cued to manually respond to a stimulus (e.g., 'Go'), they are more likely to prefer and more frequently choose Go stimuli over NoGo stimuli despite having comparable initial preferences for Go and NoGo stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivating Positive Personality Traits During Sleep Impacts Self-Evaluative Memories

Yao

Xia

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

People tend to view themselves through rose-tinted glasses, as evidenced by preferential recall of positive personality traits. We asked whether reactivating positive personality traits during sleep could enhance peoples’ positive self-evaluative memories. After a baseline self-referential encoding task in which participants endorsed positive and negative traits as self-descriptive, participants were trained to give timely responses to positive traits in a cue-approach training (CAT) task. Once participants had entered slow-wave sleep during a subsequent nap, half of the trained positive traits were unobtrusively re-played to them to promote consolidation (targeted memory reactivation, TMR). Participants completed free-recall tasks about self-descriptive traits to measure their self-evaluative memories. Our findings revealed that TMR prioritized the recall of positive traits that were strongly memorized before sleep, while impairing the recall of intermediate traits. The results suggest pre-TMR self-evaluative memory strength modulated the TMR benefits. Sleep EEG analyses revealed that compared with weak/intermediate/control traits, re-playing strongly memorized traits during sleep elicited greater sigma power changes, which likely reflect preferential memory reactivation. Our results demonstrate the potential implication of wakeful cue-approach training and sleep-based memory reactivation in strengthening positive self-evaluative memories.

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Cue-approach training for food behavior

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

Action interpretation determines the effects of go/no-go and approach/avoidance actions on stimulus evaluation

Action interpretation determines the effects of go/no-go and approach/avoidance actions on stimulus evaluation

Reactivating Positive Personality Traits During Sleep Promotes Positive Self-Referential Processing

Reactivating Positive Personality Traits During Sleep Impacts Self-Evaluative Memories

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