Culex genome is not just another genome for comparative genomics

Reddy, BP Niranjan; Labbé, Pierrick; Corbel, Vincent

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-63

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Epoxide hydrolases historically were studied as detoxification enzymes, and enzymes that hydrolyze juvenile hormones in insects (Morisseau and Hammock, 2008). Multiple EHs expressed in C. quinquefasciatus can be a reflection of Culex -specific characteristics (Reddy et al, 2012), and EHs may play a role in metabolizing epoxy fatty acids, as their mammalian counterparts do.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxide hydrolase activities and epoxy fatty acids in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus

Morisseau

Yang

et al. 2015

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Culex mosquitoes have emerged as important model organisms for mosquito biology, and are disease vectors for multiple mosquito-borne pathogens, including West Nile virus. We characterized epoxide hydrolase activities in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus, which suggested multiple forms of epoxide hydrolases were present. We found EH activities on epoxy eicosatrienoic acids (EETs). EETs and other eicosanoids are well-established lipid signaling molecules in vertebrates. We showed EETs can be synthesized in vitro from arachidonic acids by mosquito lysate, and EETs were also detected in vivo both in larvae and adult mosquitoes by LC-MS/MS. The EH activities on EETs can be induced by blood feeding, and the highest activity was observed in the midgut of female mosquitoes. The enzyme activities on EETs can be inhibited by urea-based inhibitors designed for mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolases (sEH). The sEH inhibitors have been shown to play diverse biological roles in mammalian systems, and they can be useful tools to study the function of EETs in mosquitoes. Besides juvenile hormone metabolism and detoxification, insect epoxide hydrolases may also play a role in regulating lipid signaling molecules, such as EETs and other epoxy fatty acids, synthesized in vivo or obtained from blood feeding by female mosquitoes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxide hydrolase activities and epoxy fatty acids in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus

Morisseau

Yang

et al. 2015

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Among mosquitoes, species of the genus Culex are the most taxonomically diverse and geographically widespread [2,3]. Mosquitoes within the Cx .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic-Chromosome-Based Physical Mapping of the Culex quinquefasciatus Genome

et al. 2015

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The genome assembly of southern house mosquito Cx. quinquefasciatus is represented by a high number of supercontigs with no order or orientation on the chromosomes. Although cytogenetic maps for the polytene chromosomes of this mosquito have been developed, their utilization for the genome mapping remains difficult because of the low number of high-quality spreads in chromosome preparations. Therefore, a simple and robust mitotic-chromosome-based approach for the genome mapping of Cx. quinquefasciatus still needs to be developed. In this study, we performed physical mapping of 37 genomic supercontigs using fluorescent in situ hybridization on mitotic chromosomes from imaginal discs of 4th instar larvae. The genetic linkage map nomenclature was adopted for the chromosome numbering based on the direct positioning of 58 markers that were previously genetically mapped. The smallest, largest, and intermediate chromosomes were numbered as 1, 2, and 3, respectively. For idiogram development, we analyzed and described in detail the morphology and proportions of the mitotic chromosomes. Chromosomes were subdivided into 19 divisions and 72 bands of four different intensities. These idiograms were used for mapping the genomic supercontigs/genetic markers. We also determined the presence of length polymorphism in the q arm of sex-determining chromosome 1 in Cx. quinquefasciatus related to the size of ribosomal locus. Our physical mapping and previous genetic linkage mapping resulted in the chromosomal assignment of 13% of the total genome assembly to the chromosome bands. We provided the first detailed description, nomenclature, and idiograms for the mitotic chromosomes of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Further application of the approach developed in this study will help to improve the quality of the southern house mosquito genome.

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“…The mosquito EvoPrinter consists of 20 species, including 7 species of the Gambiae subgroup and related species A. christyi and A. epiroticus, 5 species of the Neocellia and Myzomyia series (including A. stephensi, A. maculates, A. calcifacies, A. funestus and A. minimus), 2 species of the Neomyzomyia series (Anopheles darius and Anopheles farauti), 2 species of subgenus Anopheles (A. sinensus and A. atroparvus), Nyssoryhynchus and other American species, (A. albimanus and A. darling), and two species of the subfamily Culicinae (Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefaciatus). Mosquito genomes are described by Holt et al, 2002;Nene et al, 2007;Reddy et al, 2012, andNeafsey et al, 2014.…”

Section: Discovery Of Non-coding Conserved Sequence Elements In Mosqumentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraconserved non-coding DNA within insect phyla

Brody¹,

Yavatkar

Kuzin³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Presence of ultra-conserved sequence elements in vertebrate enhancers suggest that transcription factor regulatory interactions are shared across phylogenetically diverse species. To date evidence for similarly conserved elements among evolutionarily distant insects such as flies, mosquitos, ants and bees, has been elusive. This study has taken advantage of the availability of the assembled genomic sequence of these insects to explore the presence of ultraconserved sequence elements in these phylogenetic groups.To investigate the integrity of fly regulatory sequences across ~100 million years of evolutionary divergence from the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, we compared Drosophila non-coding sequences to those of Ceratitis capitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly and Musca domestica, the domestic housefly. Using various alignment techniques, Blastn, Clustal, Blat, EvoPrinter and Needle, we show that many of the conserved sequence blocks (CSBs) that constitute Drosophila cis-regulatory DNA, recognized by EvoPrinter alignment protocols, are also conserved in Ceratitis and Musca. We term the sequence elements shared among these species ultraconserved CSBs (uCSBs). The position of the uCSBs with respect to flanking genes is also conserved. The results suggest that CSBs represent the point of interaction of multiple trans-regulators whose functions and interactions are conserved across divergent genera. Blastn alignments also detect putative cis-regulatory sequences shared among evolutionarily distant mosquitos Anopheles gambiae and Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti. We have also identified conserved sequences shared among bee species. Side by side comparison of bee and ant EvoPrints identify uCSBs shared between the two taxa, as well as more poorly conserved CSBs in either one or the other taxon but not in both. Analysis of uCSBs in dipterans, mosquitos and bees will lead to a greater understanding of their evolutionary origin and the function of their conserved sequences.

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Culex genome is not just another genome for comparative genomics

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Epoxide hydrolase activities and epoxy fatty acids in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus

Epoxide hydrolase activities and epoxy fatty acids in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus

Mitotic-Chromosome-Based Physical Mapping of the Culex quinquefasciatus Genome

Ultraconserved non-coding DNA within insect phyla

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