Cumulative risks of paternal and maternal incarceration in Denmark and the United States

Wildeman, Christopher; Andersen, Lars Højsgaard

doi:10.4054/demres.2015.32.57

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Paternal incarceration is now common for African American children whose fathers have low educational attainment (Pettit 2012;Wildeman 2009;Wildeman and Andersen 2015). The children who experience this event fare poorly in a host of domains relative to otherwise similar children who do not experience this event (e.g., Foster and Hagan 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal Incarceration and Teachers’ Expectations of Students

Wildeman

Scardamalia

Walsh

et al. 2017

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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In the past 40 years, paternal imprisonment has been transformed from an event affecting only the most unfortunate children to one that one in four African American children experience. Although research speculates that the stigma, strain, and separation resulting from paternal incarceration cause the poor outcomes of children of incarcerated fathers, evidence regarding these mechanisms is lacking. In this article, we use an experimental vignette design to provide causal evidence regarding how the stigma of paternal incarceration affects third- to fifth-grade teachers’ expectations of students in a large southwestern school district (N = 107). We then replicate this experiment using an online Qualtrics panel of third- to fifth-grade teachers (N = 314). The results indicate that the stigma of paternal incarceration shapes teachers’ expectations of students, leading to a 10 percent to 40 percent increase in teachers’ expectations of children’s behavioral problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal Incarceration and Teachers’ Expectations of Students

Wildeman

Scardamalia

Walsh

et al. 2017

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

Self Cite

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“…Internationally, cumulative risk of maternal imprisonment in childhood up to 14 years of age has been estimated in Denmark and the United States (US) using a single‐year birth cohort of all children born in 1990 using administrative registry data in Denmark and a number of sources of prisoner data in the US. Denmark estimates included prison stays less than 24 hours, as was our approach 49 . In Denmark, 2.2% of children born in 1990 experienced maternal incarceration by age 14‐years 49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Denmark estimates included prison stays less than 24 hours, as was our approach 49 . In Denmark, 2.2% of children born in 1990 experienced maternal incarceration by age 14‐years 49 . In comparison, 1.6% of WA children born in 1990 experienced maternal incarceration by age 17 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The US data was restricted to prison stays of over one year, 49 making comparisons with the current study difficult. One comparison that can be made is the level of racial disparity observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One comparison that can be made is the level of racial disparity observed. In the US 0.6% of White and 3.3% of Black children born in 1990 were affected by maternal incarceration (of one‐year or longer) by 14 years of age, a 5.5‐fold difference 49 . For WA children born in 1992, 0.7% of non‐Indigenous and 23.7% of Indigenous children were affected by any maternal incarceration by age 18 years of age, representing a 35‐fold difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying maternal incarceration: a whole‐population linked data study of Western Australian children born 1985–2011

Dowell

Preen

Segal

2017

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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Objective: To measure the prevalence of children affected by maternal incarceration in Western Australia (WA). Methods:Using linked administrative data we identified all children born in WA between 1985 and 2011, whose biological mother was imprisoned during their childhood. Data was obtained through the WA Data Linkage Branch from the Department of Corrective Services, Midwives Notifications System and Birth Registrations data collections. Descriptive characteristics of the children (n=9,352) and their mothers (n=3,827) are reported. Prevalence was measured in twoways, the proportion of children ever affected in childhood and affected annually.Results: Childhood prevalence of maternal incarceration was 26-times higher (95%CI 23.9-28.2) for Indigenous children born 1992-1996 with 18.8% Indigenous children and 0.7% nonIndigenous children affected while aged 0-17 years. On average 1,544 children were affected each year across 2003-2011, at rates of 2,929 per 100,000 Indigenous children and 108 per 100,000 non-Indigenous children. Conclusions:The findings present the first census of children affected by maternal incarceration within an Australian State and identify a large disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Implications for public health:This study highlights the importance of formal consideration of children of women prisoners in the development of criminal justice policies and practices.

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The Role of Policy in Shaping and Addressing the Consequences of Parental Incarceration for Child Development in the United States

Mihalec-Adkins¹,

Shlafer

2022

Social Policy Report

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The U.S. has seen a more than five-fold increase in the number of children who experience the incarceration of a parent, such that now 7% of all U.S. children have been impacted. Parental incarceration has been linked to an array of consequences for children's development and well-being, spanning most developmental domains and all developmental stages. The overarching goal of this report is to briefly summarize the associations between parental incarceration and adverse outcomes across various aspects of child well-being and development (Section I), and to discuss the role of policy (Section II) in both contributing to mass parental incarceration in the U.S. (Section II.A.) and addressing the many impacts of parental incarceration in the U.S. on child well-being and development (Section II.B.). Throughout this report, we acknowledge impacts and additional considerations related to families of color, who are disproportionately affected by incarceration and associated policies.

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Cumulative risks of paternal and maternal incarceration in Denmark and the United States

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Paternal Incarceration and Teachers’ Expectations of Students

Paternal Incarceration and Teachers’ Expectations of Students

Quantifying maternal incarceration: a whole‐population linked data study of Western Australian children born 1985–2011

The Role of Policy in Shaping and Addressing the Consequences of Parental Incarceration for Child Development in the United States

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