Curcumin improves the metabolic syndrome in high-fructose-diet-fed rats: role of TNF-α, NF-κB, and oxidative stress

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate effects of curcumin on high fructose diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rats and the possible mechanisms involved. MetS was induced in male albino rats (n = 20), over 8 weeks, by 65% HFD. For 8-week experiment period, rats were assigned to 2 equal groups: curcumin-treated rats received curcumin (200 mg/kg, p.o, once daily) along with HFD, and untreated rats were fed with HFD only. We evaluated body mass (BM), systolic blood pressure (SBP), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA; lipid peroxidation product), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; inflammatory cytokine), and serum catalase (endogenous antioxidant) activity and immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB; inflammation-related transcription factor) in hepatocytes. HFD produced increases in BM, SBP, HOMA-IR, and serum levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, TC, TGs, uric acid, MDA, and TNF-α, a decrease in catalase activity, and strong positive expression of NF-κB in hepatocytes. Curcumin, in presence of HFD, produced significant improvements in all glucose and fat metabolism parameters, and in oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers. Curcumin may potentially be useful in the treatment of MetS through its ability to modulate oxidation stress status and inflammation cascades.

Antidiabetic Properties of Curcumin II: Evidence from In Vivo Studies

“…Curcumin administration improved the lipid profile with significantly reduced serum triglyceride, cholesterol, uric acid and MDA levels. In addition, antioxidant catalase serum activity was increased, while inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver was significantly reduced with curcumin treatment, indicating reduced oxidative stress and inflammation [67].…”

“…Administration of high-fructose-fed (65% kcal/diet) Wistar rats with curcumin (200 mg/kg b.w./day) for 8 weeks resulted in significantly reduced serum glucose, insulin, leptin and TNF-α levels and HOMA-IR, indicating reduced insulin resistance [67]. Curcumin administration improved the lipid profile with significantly reduced serum triglyceride, cholesterol, uric acid and MDA levels.…”

Curcumin reduces inflammation in knee osteoarthritis rats through blocking TLR4 /MyD88/NF‐κB signal pathway

“…Two weeks after injection with MIA, 200 mg/kg curcumin (Sigma, St. Louis, USA) dissolved in 1 mL saline were intraperitoneally injected in OA + curcumin group for 14 consecutive days. The duration time and doses of curcumin were based on previous studies (Cai et al, ; Kelany, Hakami, & Omar, ; Teich, Pivovarov, Porras, Dunford, & Riddell, ). The OA + PBS group was intraperitoneally injected with equal volume of saline.…”

Efficiency comparison of PGBR extract and γ‐oryzanol in antioxidative stress and anti‐inflammatory properties against metabolic syndrome

“…In addition, enzymes, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) promote inflammation (Lee, Ha, Cho, & Choi, ); the metabolites NO and PGE 2 induce more oxidative stress, and further disrupt insulin function in cells (Lee et al, , ; Sekhon‐Loodu et al, ). Oxidative stress produces ox‐LDL and MDA, which stimulates lipid peroxidation (Kelany, Hakami, & Omar, ; Reverri et al, ). Lipid peroxidation leads to vascular cell death and contributes toward the formation of plaque, foam cells and the development of atherosclerosis (Ibitoye & Ajiboye, ).…”