Current Advances in Antiviral Potential of Artemisia Against Major Viral Infections

Abstract

Artemisia, a genus rich in bioactive compounds, has garnered considerable attention for its potential antiviral properties. This review consolidates current research on Artemisia's efficacy against a spectrum of viral infections, encompassing SARS-CoV-2, human and avian influenza viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV). This comprehensive review aims to synthesize key findings regarding the antiviral potential of Artemisia, elucidating the mechanisms of action, highlighting significant outcomes from experimental studies, and providing insights into the gaps and future directions for research in this domain. Artemisia exhibits substantial antiviral activity across diverse viral families. Mechanisms range from direct interference with viral replication to modulation of host immune responses. In conclusion, the collective evidence underscores Artemisia as a promising candidate for antiviral interventions. The diverse array of compounds found in different Artemisia species demonstrates efficacy against a range of viruses. However, while substantial progress has been made, further research, especially clinical trials, is crucial to validate Artemisia's therapeutic potential and facilitate its integration into mainstream antiviral strategies. This review serves as a roadmap for future investigations in harnessing Artemisia's antiviral prowess.