Current Approaches to Use Cyclodextrins and Mucoadhesive Polymers in Ocular Drug Delivery—A Mini-Review

Abstract

Ocular drug delivery provides a challenging opportunity to develop optimal formulations with proper therapeutic effects and acceptable patient compliance because there are many restricting factors involved, such as complex anatomical structures, defensive mechanisms, rapid drainage, and applicability issues. Fortunately, recent advances in the field mean that these problems can be overcome through the formulation of innovative ophthalmic products. Through the addition of solubility enhancer cyclodextrin derivatives and mucoadhesive polymers, the permeability of active ingredients is improved, and retention time is increased in the ocular surface. Therefore, preferable efficacy and bioavailability can be achieved. In this short review, the authors describe the theoretical background, technological possibilities, and the current approaches in the field of ophthalmology.

New Approach in Ocular Drug Delivery: In vitro and ex vivo Investigation of Cyclodextrin-Containing, Mucoadhesive Eye Drop Formulations

“…Disadvantageous attributes of suspensions like irritation on the eye may induce fast elimination of drug, therefore frequent application is needed to ensure the proper therapy. 4 , 11 Our aim was a pharmaceutic formulation development, where PR is in water dissolved form with expected increased therapeutic effect. In the early phase of the study, PR-CD inclusion complex was formed and dissolved in a borate-buffer-based environment.…”

“…Mainly topical solutions are in the focus of research laboratories. [1][2][3][4] Besides the advantages of eye drop formulations (self-applicable, non-invasive, convenient, economical), many difficulties are known, which need to be overcome (short retention time, low drug absorption, and bioavailability and problematic microbiological stability).…”

Hydrogel Biomaterials for Application in Ocular Drug Delivery

“…Consequently, this will improve the penetration of the active ingredient into the eye. Both hydrogel systems and mucoadhesive biopolymers could furnish formulations with these much-needed advantages (Biro and Aigner, 2019).…”

Cyclodextrins – development and applications of these versatile oligosaccharides

“…One of the most useful such additives are CDs, which were shown not only to increase water solubility, aqueous stability, and bioavailability of the delivered ophthalmic drug, but also to reduce the irritation occurring as a side-effect in this type of administration. Moreover, the formed complexes between CDs and APIs can be adjusted to increase the residence time via addition of mucoadhesive polymers, hence leading to higher therapeutic efficacy (Bíró and Aigner, 2019;Sharma and Baldi, 2016).…”