Current challenges facing the clinical treatment for HTLV-1 ocular manifestations

Kamoi, Koju

doi:10.1080/17469899.2023.2281446

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 112 publications

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“…HU has garnered attention because the horizontal transmission of HTLV-1 can cause its development [ 6 ]. Furthermore, a low proviral load (PVL) of HTLV-1 may cause HU in individuals with Graves’ disease [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ripasudil as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Treating Secondary Glaucoma in HTLV-1-Uveitis: An In Vitro Analysis

Yang,

Kamoi,

Zong

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a virus that affects 5–10 million people globally, causes several diseases, including adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated uveitis (HU). HU is prevalent in Japan and often leads to secondary glaucoma, which is a serious complication. We investigated the efficacy of ripasudil, a Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase inhibitor, in alleviating changes in human trabecular meshwork cells (hTM cells) infected with HTLV-1. HTLV-1-infected hTM cells were modeled in vitro using MT-2 cells, followed by treatment with varying concentrations of ripasudil. We assessed changes in cell morphology, viability, and inflammatory cytokine levels, as well as NF-κB activation. The results showed that ripasudil treatment changed the cell morphology, reduced the distribution of F-actin and fibronectin, and decreased the levels of certain inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-12. However, ripasudil did not significantly affect NF-κB activation or overall cell viability. These findings suggest that ripasudil has the potential to treat secondary glaucoma in patients with HU by modulating cytoskeletal organization and alleviating inflammation in HTLV-1-infected hTM cells. This study lays the foundation for further clinical studies exploring the effectiveness of ripasudil for the treatment of secondary glaucoma associated with HU.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ripasudil as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Treating Secondary Glaucoma in HTLV-1-Uveitis: An In Vitro Analysis

Yang,

Kamoi,

Zong

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Sexual transmission of HTLV‐1 resulting in uveitis with short‐term latency and low proviral load

Kamoi,

Uchimaru,

Nannya

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human T‐cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV‐1) is traditionally linked to severe conditions such as adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma, HTLV‐1‐associated myelopathy, and HTLV‐1 uveitis, with vertical transmission, particularly mother to child thorough breastfeeding, considered the primary route. Despite efforts to reduce vertical transmission through antenatal screening in Japan, horizontal transmission has contributed to the rising prevalence of HTLV‐1 in metropolitan areas. This case reports the youngest documented instance of HTLV‐1 uveitis resulting from horizontal transmission through sexual contact in an 18‐year‐old woman. The patient presented with blurred vision in her right eye, and a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination identified vitreous opacity and retinal vasculitis. Serological tests confirmed HTLV‐1 infection, with a proviral load of 2.66 copies per 100 peripheral blood mononuclear cells, measured by real‐time PCR. A differential diagnosis confirmed HTLV‐1 uveitis. Further family and partner investigations confirmed horizontal transmission, most likely through sexual contact. Over 6 years of follow‐up, the patient experienced multiple recurrences of HTLV‐1 uveitis and developed HTLV‐1‐associated keratopathy. This case highlights the potential for rapid disease progression with relatively low proviral loads and short latency, emphasizing the need for updated public health strategies for sexually active young populations.

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Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers

Ohmoto,

Fuji

2024

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Current challenges facing the clinical treatment for HTLV-1 ocular manifestations

Cited by 4 publications

References 112 publications

Ripasudil as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Treating Secondary Glaucoma in HTLV-1-Uveitis: An In Vitro Analysis

Ripasudil as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in Treating Secondary Glaucoma in HTLV-1-Uveitis: An In Vitro Analysis

Sexual transmission of HTLV‐1 resulting in uveitis with short‐term latency and low proviral load

Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers

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