Current challenges in dedifferentiated fat cells research

Shah, Mickey; George, Richard L.; Evancho-Chapman, M. Michelle; Zhang, Ge

doi:10.1080/15476278.2016.1197461

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The fresh pig adipose tissue was obtained from a local butcher (Pressler’s Meat, Akron, OH). Rat and pig ASCs were isolated from harvested subcutaneous white adipocyte tissues following the protocol as previously described 52 , 53 . Briefly, 1 g of abdominal subcutaneous white adipocyte tissue was harvested, minced, and digested with 4 mg/ml type II collagenase (1039 CDU/mg, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) for 1 hour at 37 °C with gentle agitation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thin Layer of Decellularized Porcine Myocardium for Cell Delivery

Shah

Copeland

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Decellularized porcine myocardium has shown many benefits as a cell delivery scaffold for cardiac therapy. However, using full thickness decellularized myocardium as cardiac patch may lead to poor viability and inhomogeneous distribution of delivered cells, due to perfusion limitations. In this study, we explored the feasibility of decellularized porcine myocardial slice (dPMS) to construct a vascularized cardiac patch for cell delivery. Decellularized porcine myocardium was sliced into thin layers (thickness~300 µm). Adipose-derived Stem cells (ASCs) obtained from rat and pig were seeded on dPMS. The viability, infiltration, and differentiation of seeded ASCs were examined. The mechanical properties of dPMSs of various thickness and native myocardium were tested. We noticed dPMS supported attachment and growth of rat and pig ASCs. Both rat and pig ASCs showed high viability, similar patterns of proliferation and infiltration within dPMS. Rat ASCs showed expression of early-endothelial markers followed by mature-endothelial marker without any additional inducers on dPMS. Using rat myocardial infarction model, we delivered ASCs using dPMS patched to the infarcted myocardium. After 1 week, a higher number of transplanted cells were present in the infarcted area when cells were delivered using dPMS versus direct injection. Compared with MI group, increased vascular formation was also observed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Thin Layer of Decellularized Porcine Myocardium for Cell Delivery

Shah

Copeland

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…However, contamination of the ceiling cultures with other cell-types trapped within the buoyant fraction may result in inconsistencies between different isolates. Cell sorting may improve the purity of cultured DFAT populations and the reproducibility of results obtained from these cells, but given that DFAT cells have a cell surface marker expression profile highly similar to that of ASCs and bone marrow MSCs (bmMSCs), it may prove difficult to define a set of DFAT-specific cell surface markers (reviewed in Shah et al, 2016).…”

Section: Dedifferentiated Fat (Dfat) Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipocyte biology: It is time to upgrade to a new model

Gijsen

2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Globally, the obesity pandemic is profoundly affecting quality of life and economic productivity, but efforts to address this, especially on a pharmacological level, have generally proven unsuccessful to date, serving as a stark demonstration that our understanding of adipocyte biology and pathophysiology is incomplete. To deliver better insight into adipocyte function and obesity, we need improved adipocyte models with a high degree of fidelity in representing the in vivo state and with a diverse range of experimental applications. Adipocyte cell lines, especially 3T3-L1 cells, have been used extensively over many years, but these are limited in terms of relevance and versatility. In this review, I propose that primary adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) present a superior model with which to study adipocyte biology ex vivo. In particular, ASCs afford us the opportunity to study adipocytes from different, functionally distinct, adipose depots and to investigate, by means of in vivo/ex vivo studies, the effects of many different physiological and pathophysiological factors, such as age, body weight, hormonal status, diet and nutraceuticals, as well as disease and pharmacological treatments, on the biology of adipocytes and their precursors. This study will give an overview of the characteristics of ASCs and published studies utilizing ASCs, to highlight the areas where our knowledge is lacking. More comprehensive studies in primary ASCs will contribute to an improved understanding of adipose tissue, in healthy and dysfunctional states, which will enhance our efforts to more successfully manage and treat obesity.

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“…Multipotent progenitor cells, such as adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) and dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells, are prospective cell sources for various regenerative therapies [34]. These two cell types are both isolated from the same fat tissue, but by different methods [35]. ADSC is traditionally prepared from stromal vascular fractions (SVF) via centrifugation of fat tissue; DFAT cells are dedifferentiated from mature adipose cells by the ceiling culture or the preincubation-filter methods [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two cell types are both isolated from the same fat tissue, but by different methods [35]. ADSC is traditionally prepared from stromal vascular fractions (SVF) via centrifugation of fat tissue; DFAT cells are dedifferentiated from mature adipose cells by the ceiling culture or the preincubation-filter methods [35]. The surface antigens and proliferative capacity of DFAT cells are similar to those of mesenchymal stem cells and ADSCs, but are more homogenous [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADSC is traditionally prepared from stromal vascular fractions (SVF) via centrifugation of fat tissue; DFAT cells are dedifferentiated from mature adipose cells by the ceiling culture or the preincubation-filter methods [35]. The surface antigens and proliferative capacity of DFAT cells are similar to those of mesenchymal stem cells and ADSCs, but are more homogenous [35,36]. For bone formation, the implantation of ADSC has improved the osteoconduction in created (non-congenital) bone defects in rat calvaria [37] and facilitated ectopic bone formation in mouse subcutaneous region [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteogenesis of Multipotent Progenitor Cells using the Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Gelatin Sponge Scaffold in Rat Congenital Cleft-Jaw Model

Sasayama¹,

Hara²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Cost-effective and functionalized scaffolds are in high demand for stem-cell-based regenerative medicine to treat refractory bone defects in craniofacial abnormalities and injuries. One potential strategy is to utilize pharmacological and cost-effective plant polyphenols and biocompatible proteins, such as gelatin. Nevertheless, the use of chemically modified proteins with plant polyphenols in this strategy has not been standardized. Here, we demonstrated that gelatin chemically modified with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major catechin isolated from green tea, can be a useful material for dedifferentiated fat cells and adipose-derived stem cells and can induce bone regeneration in a rat congenial cleft-jaw model in vivo. Vacuum-heated gelatin sponge modified with EGCG (vhEGCG-GS) induced superior osteogenesis from these two cell types compared with vacuum-heated gelatin sponge (vhGS). The EGCG-modification converted the water wettability of vhGS to a hydrophilic property (contact angle: 110° to 3.8°) and the zeta potential to a negative surface charge; the modification enhanced the cell adhesion property and promoted calcium phosphate precipitation. These results suggest that the EGCG-modification with chemical synthesis can be a useful platform to modify the physicochemical property of gelatin. This alteration is likely to provide a preferable microenvironment for multipotent progenitor cells, inducing superior bone formation in vivo.

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Current challenges in dedifferentiated fat cells research

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

A Thin Layer of Decellularized Porcine Myocardium for Cell Delivery

A Thin Layer of Decellularized Porcine Myocardium for Cell Delivery

Adipocyte biology: It is time to upgrade to a new model

Osteogenesis of Multipotent Progenitor Cells using the Epigallocatechin Gallate-Modified Gelatin Sponge Scaffold in Rat Congenital Cleft-Jaw Model

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