Current Challenges of Preventive Vaccination Against Rabies

Мовсесянц, А. А.; Олефир, Ю. В.

doi:10.30895/2221-996x-2019-19-1-10-16

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…В России эти методы используют для оценки уровня содержания антител у вакцинированных животных в аккредитованных ветеринарных лабораториях. Разработка и внедрение подобных методов в производство антирабических препаратов в настоящее время являются актуальными вопросами, требующими дополнительного изучения [22]. В ФКУЗ РосНИПЧИ «Микроб» Роспотребнадзора разработана модификация FAVN-теста с использованием штамма Москва 3253 Vero ВБ и клеточной линии Vero с целью дальнейшего применения в производстве гетерологичного АИГ при определении показателя специфической активности иммунных сывороток и готового препарата иммуноглобулина [23].…”

Section: исследование вируснейтрализующей активности: Rffit и Favn-тестыunclassified

<i>In vitro</i> methods for rabies virus detection, and evaluation of their use in the production of rabies immunoglobulin

Гаврилова

Генералов

Абрамова

et al. 2021

Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment

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Current highly sensitive methods for rabies virus and rabies antibodies detection in biological material can be used not only for diagnosis and experimental research, but also for the production of antirabies medicines used for postexposure prophylaxis. The aim of the study was to analyse existing methods for rabies virus and rabies antibodies detection and to assess the potential for using these methods at the control stages during production of heterologous antirabies immunoglobulin obtained from equine serum. The search for cutting-edge highly sensitive in vitro control methods that could compete with the biological method, which is the main method used in antirabies immunoglobulin control, is an important prerequisite for improvement of the production technology and the quality of antirabies medicines. The study demonstrated that the following test methods can be used in the production of antirabies immunoglobulin: fluorescent antibody technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cell culture methods, atomic force microscopy, and flow cytometry. These methods could be used alone or as an alternative to the biological method in white mice. These methods were chosen because of their high sensitivity, specificity, rapid and easy implementation, cost-effectiveness, and automatic recording of test results.

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Section: исследование вируснейтрализующей активности: Rffit и Favn-тестыunclassified

<i>In vitro</i> methods for rabies virus detection, and evaluation of their use in the production of rabies immunoglobulin

Гаврилова

Генералов

Абрамова

et al. 2021

Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment

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“…Rabies remains a serious endemic disease of animal populations in many European countries (4,9,20,26,29,34). Oral vaccination with rabies vaccines has been proven to be effective in control and elimination of terrestrial rabies for a long time (2,3,6,7,18,27,37). However, the recurrence of rabies in some countries demonstrates the fragility of the status of a rabies-free country and the need for continuous surveillance.…”

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Rabies virus spread in central and north-eastern regions of Ukraine

Omelchenko¹,

Avramenko²,

Kulynych³

et al. 2022

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Annually, 30,000-45,000 cases of rabies in animals and humans are reported worldwide. The aim of the study was to present data on the incidence of rabies among humans and animals in central and north-eastern regions of Ukraine (Poltava and Sumy) between the years 2007 and 2020. The statistical data were obtained from the anti-epizootic measures division at the Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Medicine of the State Food and Consumer Service in the Poltava and Sumy regions of Ukraine. Between 2012 and 2020, the largest number of bite cases in the Poltava region were recorded in 2012 (4,234 cases), and the lowest in 2018 (1,951 cases). The vast majority of bites were caused by dogs and cats that had an owner. During the successive years, the number of rabies cases increased. Between 2017 and 2019, over 50% of rabies cases in the Sumy region occurred in domestic animals. Although combating rabies among dogs through vaccination, as well as extermination of homeless animals, may reduce the incidence of rabies in humans, rabies in dogs is still not uncommon in the Poltava and Sumy regions of Ukraine. Moreover, rabid dogs in these two regions still account for over 90% of rabies cases and 99% of deaths due to rabies among humans. The red fox was the leader in the incidence of rabies among wild animals between 2009 and 2019. In the Poltava region, the highest number of rabies cases occurred in 2017 (10 cases), whereas in the Sumy region the peak if infections was observed in 2010 (42 cases). Rabies in animals tended to decrease due to the oral immunization of free-ranging animals. It is difficult, however, to assess the overall global situation of rabies using data solely on human mortality. Rabies is not a purely human disease. It is rather a disease that occurs in wild and domestic animals, from which it may be transferred to humans. Therefore, a more accurate prediction of its impact should include an assessment of its prevalence in animal populations, especially pets, and the costs associated with preventing the spread of rabies from animals to humans. Effective measures for prevention and eradication of rabies, as well as better knowledge, are crucial to check further spread of the disease. Obligatory preventive measures should include vaccination of pets and oral immunization of red foxes.

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Differentiated approach to the surgical tactics choice in the treatment of patients with bite wounds

Izmailov

Leontiev²,

Izmailov³

et al. 2022

Kazan Med J

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Background. Wounds inflicted by the teeth of animals and humans take a special place and have a number of characteristic features. There is still no generally accepted surgical tactics for the bite wounds treatment, and the issues of choosing the timing of wound closure, depending on their localization, remain unresolved. Aim. To analyze the clinical experience of bite wounds surgical treatment by applying primary and secondary sutures. Material and methods. From 2008 to 2018 409 patients with bite wounds of various localizations (289 female and 120 male) aged 16 to 84 years were under our supervision. The average age of the victims was 52.510.17 years. All patients were prescribed combined therapy, which was based on an urgent surgical care, since we attach a decisive role in the prevention and local treatment of wound infection to full primary or secondary surgical treatment. The analysis of the obtained data was performed using the statistical calculations in R 3.6.3 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). To compare the average treatment time for primary and secondary sutures nonparametric MannWhitney test was used. Results. Analysis of the obtained clinical data showed that the largest number of bite wounds were dog bites (95%), which occured most often in spring (38%) and summer (38.1%), and, as a rule, at home (68%), these results were comparable with statistical data from other sources. The average duration of patients treatment with a primary suture was 13.2 days, and with a secondary suture 19.3 days. The authors proposed a differentiated approach to the choice of surgical tactics in the treatment of patients with bite wounds, depending on the timing of their admission to the hospital and the local status of the wound defect. Conclusion. The primary or primary delayed blind suturing should be used in the early stages (not later than in 12 hours after getting a bite), and secondary sutures are shown in late stages (more than 12 hours).

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Current Challenges of Preventive Vaccination Against Rabies

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

<i>In vitro</i> methods for rabies virus detection, and evaluation of their use in the production of rabies immunoglobulin

<i>In vitro</i> methods for rabies virus detection, and evaluation of their use in the production of rabies immunoglobulin

Rabies virus spread in central and north-eastern regions of Ukraine

Differentiated approach to the surgical tactics choice in the treatment of patients with bite wounds

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