Current Differential Protection for Active Distribution Networks Based on Improved Fault Data Self-Synchronization Method

Zhou, Chenghan; Zou, Guibin; Zang, Lindong; Du, Xiaoze

doi:10.1109/tsg.2021.3116608

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, the protection may fail in two cases, i.e., in the section with generators at two ends with large DG capacity on the load side, and when there is a fault with large transition resistance. For these problems, differential protection schemes based on current phasor are proposed in [15][16][17], while a protection scheme only using the phase angle is proposed in [18]. However, the phase angle of fault current supplied by an IIDG is related to the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC).…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 and Table 7 that when a twophase-to-ground fault with a large transition resistance occurs, the operation time of the prototype will increase slightly, but all can operate quickly within 20 ms. In comparison, the protection schemes proposed in [15,16,29] operate in the case of internal faults within 50 ms, 47 ms and 60 ms, respectively. This indicates that the protection scheme proposed is faster than the others.…”

Section: Rtds Closed Loop Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

Zang

Zou

Zhou

et al. 2022

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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The emergence of distributed generators has changed the operational mode and fault characteristics of the distribution network, in a way which can severely influence protection. This paper proposes a d-axis-based current differential protection scheme. The d-axis current characteristics of inverter-interfaced distributed generators and synchronous generators are analyzed. The differential protection criterion using sampling values of the d-axis current component is then constructed. Compared to conventional phase-based current differential protection, the proposed protection reduces the number of required communication channels, and is suitable for distribution networks with inverter-interfaced distributed generators with complex fault characteristics. Finally, a 10 kV active distribution network model is built in the PSCAD platform and protection prototypes are developed in RTDS. Superior sensitivity and fast speed are verified by simulation and RTDS-based tests.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rtds Closed Loop Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

Zang

Zou

Zhou

et al. 2022

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

Self Cite

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“…In [34], a fault data self-synchronization (FDSS) algorithm is presented to lower the synchronization cost of CDP; nonetheless, in extreme instances, a significant temporal synchronization error will be generated. In [35], the zero-crossing time was employed to compensate for this flaw, however it is heavily impacted by noise. The above methods necessitate the installation of measurement instruments at the beginning and end of each section, and their communication reliability needs to be guaranteed, which is impracticable for complicated distribution networks.…”

Section: Table I Advantages and Disadvantages Of Improved Differentia...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Differential Protection Scheme Based on Improved DTW Algorithm for Distribution Networks With Highly-Penetrated Distributed Generation

et al. 2023

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Differential protection has been introduced into the distribution network to address the ineffectiveness of traditional protection due to the uncertainties of power flow caused by the access of multiple inverter-interfaced distributed generation (IIDG). Designed for lower data synchronization costs, this paper proposes a novel differential protection scheme based on improved dynamic time warping (DTW) distance. The proposed algorithm can effectively alleviate the singularity caused by DTW's excessive X-axis distortion through relaxation search and derivative estimation and minimize the impact of data synchronization errors and data loss. Based on the proposed algorithm, the protection scheme combined with the feeder terminal unit (FTU) for fast fault isolation is designed, which can make full use of the existing equipment and reduce costs. Moreover, multiple influencing factors considered in this scheme, including transition resistance, penetration rate, and output intermittency of IIDG, variable network topology, underground cables, and hybrid lines. The test results demonstrate that the proposed protection scheme can effectively isolate short-circuit faults in various scenarios. INDEX TERMSDistribution network, improved DTW, differential current protection, inverter-interfaced distributed generation, positive sequence current, feeder terminal unit NOMENCLATURE Abbreviations IIDG Inverter-interfaced distributed generation DTW Dynamic time warping FTU Feeder terminal unit PSC Positive sequence current RS-DDTW The relaxed search derivative dynamic time warping DDTW Derivative dynamic time warping FDSS Fault data self-synchronization RDD The relaxed search derivative dynamic time warping distance RDDset The proposed protection threshold PSCDP Positive sequence current differential protection VSI Voltage source inverter PCC The point of common coupling TCDP Traditional current differential protection sx Protection device of each section cs Interconnection switch FtThe fault type RtThe transition resistance FLThe fault location I. INTRODUCTIONRecently, many countries have vigorously advocated new energy to relieve the energy crisis, improve the environment, and achieve the goal of "dual-carbon". Large numbers of Inverter-interfaced DG (IIDG) are permitted to be connected to the distribution network, making the grid structure flat, distributed and localized [1,2].However, the deployment of IIDG transforms the simple radial distribution network into a complicated decentralized multi-source network, hence, altering powerflow direction and voltage distribution [3]. Due to the access of IIDG, the fault current no longer exhibits a stepped distribution which can result in refusal operation and misoperation of traditional

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“…The unit price of a high-quality GPS receiver is about $100, and the unit price of a chip-scale atomic clock is more than $2500 [34]. Thus, for the three-terminal flexible DC distribution grid, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: ) Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Domain Impedance Based Protection for Flexible DC Distribution Grid

et al. 2022

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The flexible DC distribution grid is suitable for distributed energy resource integration and DC load power supply. However, the fast-increasing fault current has a great impact on the system when a short circuit fault occurs. Besides, the existing main protections are easily affected by high resistance faults and converters. To solve the aforementioned problems, a pilot protection method using frequency domain (FD) impedance was proposed. Firstly, a direction criterion based on the polarity of FD reactance is constructed to identify the reverse fault. Furthermore, the values of FD reactance and resistance are used to distinguish the forward internal and external faults. The method uses only local information to identify the close-up fault, and the pilot protection criterion to identify the remote-end or high resistance faults. This combination of single-end and pilot protection criteria makes the method have high reliability and fast speed. Moreover, no data synchronization is needed. Finally, extensive simulations were utilized to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Current Differential Protection for Active Distribution Networks Based on Improved Fault Data Self-Synchronization Method

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

A Differential Protection Scheme Based on Improved DTW Algorithm for Distribution Networks With Highly-Penetrated Distributed Generation

Frequency Domain Impedance Based Protection for Flexible DC Distribution Grid

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