Current Perspectives on the Management of Herpesvirus Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Malahe, S. Reshwan K.; Kampen, Jeroen J. A. van; Manintveld, Olivier C.; Hoek, Rogier A.S.; Hoed, Caroline M. den; Baan, Carla C.; Kho, Marcia M. L.; Verjans, Georges M. G. M.

doi:10.3390/v15071595

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 186 publications

(267 reference statements)

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“…Herpes simplex 1 (HSV1) and Herpes simplex 2 (HSV2) manifestations resemble those of the general population often with more severe and extended forms [47]. Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) incidence is higher in thoracic transplant recipients and has been associated with a higher degree of immunosuppression and with acute rejection [48,49]. Cutaneous forms may be multidermatomal or disseminated and should be the exclusion of disseminated forms, such as pneumonia or hepatitis [50].…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Skin and soft tissue infections in solid organ transplants

Peghin,

Graziano,

Grossi

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of review Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients may be a great challenge for clinicians caring for SOT due to the involvement of both common and opportunistic pathogens associated with a blunted immune response. The purpose of this review is to outline current literature and describe open issues on the management of SSTI in this special population. Recent findings Clinical presentation in SOT recipients can manifest as isolated skin lesions after primary inoculation or be the sign of a disseminated infection. Tissue samples for microscopy and histopathology are crucial to making an accurate diagnosis given the nonspecific and heterogeneous appearance of skin lesions. Multidisciplinary teams are required for a comprehensive diagnosis and management. Summary SSTI are frequent contributors to morbidity and mortality in SOT. Specific research focused on the clinical presentation, risk factors and management in this special population is needed.

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Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No specific treatment is available. Reduction of immunosuppression and switch to mTOR inhibitors are commonly used strategies [49]. Topical, intralesional or systemic chemotherapy may be considered in severe cases [56].…”

Section: Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin and soft tissue infections in solid organ transplants

Peghin,

Graziano,

Grossi

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…These viruses have a latent form in their infectious cycle [36,37] that is resistant to known therapeutic agents. Moreover, latent human or animal viruses can contribute significantly to graft rejection in transplantation [38] or xenotransplantation [39]. Therefore, alternative, effective, and safe strategies to combat human viruses are urgently needed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR-Cas Systems and Genome Editing: Beginning the Era of CRISPR/Cas Therapies for Humans

Karpov

2024

IJMS

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Cutaneous perianal herpes simplex virus infection mimicking condylomata acuminata in a renal transplant recipient: A case report and literature review

Al‐Zubaidi,

Gholizadeh

et al. 2024

Clinical Case Reports

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Key Clinical MessageHerpes simplex virus (HSV) infection can present atypically in immunosuppressed patients, such as renal transplant recipients, often mimicking conditions like condyloma acuminata. This case report of a 39‐year‐old male renal transplant recipient underscores the importance of maintaining a high level of clinical suspicion and employing thorough diagnostic techniques, including skin biopsy and polymerase chain reaction, to accurately diagnose chronic lesions and those not responding to initial therapies in these patients. Timely initiation of antiviral therapy, such as intravenous acyclovir, is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Clinicians should be aware of the diverse presentations of HSV in immunocompromised individuals to ensure prompt and effective treatment.AbstractHerpes simplex virus (HSV) has a worldwide distribution and a wide range of clinical presentations. In immunosuppressed patients, the infection can have atypical presentations. We report a 39‐year‐old renal transplant recipient male with a cutaneous HSV infection mimicking condyloma acuminata. The diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy and polymerase chain reaction. The patient was treated with intravenous acyclovir. This case illustrates the significant clinical challenges in establishing a correct diagnosis of this common infection in these patients. A high level of clinical suspicion will result in a prompt diagnosis and timely initiation of antiviral therapy, which is crucial to better patient outcomes.

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Current Perspectives on the Management of Herpesvirus Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Cited by 6 publications

References 186 publications

Skin and soft tissue infections in solid organ transplants

Skin and soft tissue infections in solid organ transplants

CRISPR-Cas Systems and Genome Editing: Beginning the Era of CRISPR/Cas Therapies for Humans

Cutaneous perianal herpes simplex virus infection mimicking condylomata acuminata in a renal transplant recipient: A case report and literature review

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