Current pre-hospital traumatic brain injury management in China

Kou, Kou; Hou, Xiang-Yu; Sun, Jiandong; Chu, Kevin

doi:10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2014.04.001

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Of these, 1.4 million people require emergency treatment and more than 235,000 require hospitalization 3 . In China, the proportion of people with severe TBI caused primarily by traffic accidents or high-level falls is much higher than that in other countries 4 . It is estimated that around 10 million people are affected by TBI worldwide annually 5 .…”

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confidence: 91%

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via an anti-inflammatory pathway

Xing

Xia

Peng

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Neuroinflammation is central to the pathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZY) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine to treat TBI. To elucidate its potential molecular mechanism, this study aimed to demonstrate that XFZY functions as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to controlled cortical impact to produce a neuroinflammatory response. The treatment groups received XFZY (9 g/kg and 18 g/kg), Vehicle group and Sham group were gavaged with equal volumes of saline. The modified neurologic severity score (mNSS) and the Morris water maze test were used to assess neurological deficits. Arachidonic acid (AA) levels in brain tissue were measured using tandem gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. TNF-α and IL-1β levels in injured ipsilateral brain tissue were detected by ELISA. AKT and mTOR expression were measured by western blot analysis. The results indicated that XFZY significantly enhanced spatial memory acquisition. XFZY (especially at a dose of 9 g/kg) markedly reduced the mNSS and levels of AA, TNF-α and IL-1β. Significant downregulation of AKT/mTOR/p70S6K proteins in brain tissues was observed after the administration of XFZY (especially at a dose of 9 g/kg). XFZY may be a promising therapeutic strategy for reducing inflammation in TBI.

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confidence: 91%

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via an anti-inflammatory pathway

Xing

Xia

Peng

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Of those individuals, 52,000 die and approximately 275,000 are hospitalized4. In China, the incidence of TBI is increasing, and the proportion of severe TBI is much higher than the incidence of TBI in other countries5. The World Health Organization (WHO) has predicted that TBI will be the third leading cause of global mortality and disability by 20206.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhein and rhubarb similarly protect the blood-brain barrier after experimental traumatic brain injury via gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathway

Wang

Fan

Tang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Oxidative stress chiefly contributes to the disruption of the BBB following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Chinese herbal medicine rhubarb is a promising antioxidant in treating TBI. Here we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments to determine whether rhubarb and its absorbed bioactive compound protected the BBB after TBI by increasing ZO-1 expression through inhibition of gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 pathway. Rats were subjected to the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model, and primary rat cortical astrocytes were exposed to scratch-wound model. The liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method showed that rhein was the compound absorbed in the brains of CCI rats after rhubarb administration. The wet-dry weights and Evans blue measurements revealed that rhubarb and rhein ameliorated BBB damage and brain edema in CCI rats. Western blots showed that rhubarb and rhein downregulated GFAP in vitro. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate analysis indicated that rhubarb prevented activation of gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase induced ROS production, subsequently inhibited ERK/MMP-9 pathway in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, rhein and rhubarb similarly protected the BBB by inhibiting this signaling cascade. The results provide a novel herbal medicine to protect BBB following TBI via an antioxidative molecular mechanism.

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“…With the vigorous development of the social economy and the rapid development of the transportation and construction industry, traffic accidents, falling from high altitudes, and other accidents will inevitably increase year by year [28] [29] [30] . The incidence of systemic injury, especially craniocerebral injury, is rising yearly, leading to increasing rates of disability and fatality and bringing a massive burden to individuals, families, and society [31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on serum miR-185-5p in assessing the injury severity and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury

Wu¹,

Chen²,

Xiang³

et al. 2023

J Med Biochemistry

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Objective This study aims to explore whether serum miR-185-5p levels are related to the degree of injury and prognosis of traumatic brain injury patients. Methods Quantify the serum miR-185-5p level of 120 TBI patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was used to grade the damage, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate the prognosis 3 months after the trauma. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between serum miR-185-5p level and injury degree and prognosis, and the value of serum miR-185-5p level on injury degree and prognosis was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The level of serum miR-185-5p in patients with moderate or severe TBI was significantly higher than that in the mild group, and the level of miR-185-5p was closely related to the GCS score and GOS score. Serum miR-185-5p levels higher than 0.36 can distinguish TBI patients with mild and moderate injury with a sensitivity of 72.97% and a specificity of 97.62%; higher than 0.43, a sensitivity of 46.34% and a specificity of 91.89% can be distinguished significantly TBI patients are moderately and severely injured; higher than 0.36, with a sensitivity of 96.30% and a specificity of 60.24%, significantly distinguish the poor prognosis of TBI patients. Serum miR-185-5p level becomes an independent predictor of TBI patients with poor prognosis for 3 months. Under the ROC curve, the serum miR-185-5p level showed an effective ability to discriminate adverse outcomes at 3 months. Conclusions Serum miR-185-5p level is significantly correlated with the degree of injury and poor prognosis of TBI patients at 3 months, indicating that serum miR-185-5p level may be a biomarker that provides supplementary prognostic information to identify the risk of poor prognosis in TBI patients.

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Current pre-hospital traumatic brain injury management in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via an anti-inflammatory pathway

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury via an anti-inflammatory pathway

Rhein and rhubarb similarly protect the blood-brain barrier after experimental traumatic brain injury via gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase/ROS/ERK/MMP-9 signaling pathway

Study on serum miR-185-5p in assessing the injury severity and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury

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