Current research progress in targeted anti‐angiogenesis therapy for osteosarcoma

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour with a peak in incidence during adolescence. Delayed patient presentation and diagnosis is common with approximately 15% of OS patients presenting with metastatic disease at initial diagnosis. With the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the 1970s, disease prognosis improved from 17% to 60%‐70% 5‐year survival, but outcomes have not significantly improved since then. Novel and innovative therapeutic strategies are urgently needed as an adjunct to conventional treatment modalities to improve outcomes for OS patients. Angiogenesis is crucial for tumour growth, metastasis and invasion, and its prevention will ultimately inhibit tumour growth and metastasis. Dysregulation of angiogenesis in bone microenvironment involving osteoblasts and osteoclasts might contribute to OS development. This review summarizes existing knowledge regarding pre‐clinical and developmental research of targeted anti‐angiogenic therapy for OS with the aim of highlighting the limitations associated with this application. Targeted anti‐angiogenic therapies include monoclonal antibody to VEGF (bevacizumab), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Sorafenib, Apatinib, Pazopanib and Regorafenib) and human recombinant endostatin (Endostar). However, considering the safety and efficacy of these targeted anti‐angiogenesis therapies in clinical trials cannot be guaranteed at this point, further research is needed to completely understand and characterize targeted anti‐angiogenesis therapy in OS.

Lnc BACE1-AS Promotes The Progression of Osteosarcoma Through miR-762/SOX7 Axis

“…Osteosarcoma is a common kind of bone tumor that occurs frequently in adolescents , and is the most common among pediatric bone malignancies, accounting for about 5% of pediatric tumors 14,15 . Dysregulation of lncrna has been shown to strongly influence OS progression by acting as a tumor suppressor gene or oncogenic genes 16,17 .…”

Osteosarcoma and Metastasis

“…However, the safety and efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy has not been confirmed in clinical trials, more work is needed to achieve clinical transformation of this treatment. Current research progress and application limitation in antiangiogenesis therapy for OS can refer to other reviews (227,228).…”

Research Progress of circRNAs in Glioblastoma

“…Under physiological conditions, angiogenesis is intricately and precisely regulated by multiple molecules and mechanisms that allow the formation of highly tissue-specific, structured and hierarchical vascular networks to sustain the physiological processes of embryonic development, growth and tissue repair ( Lai et al, 2021 ; Martin and Gurevich, 2021 ; Narasimhan et al, 2021 ). However, tumor cells are able to release large amounts of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibit the secretion of angiogenesis inhibitory factor, which unbalances the regulatory mechanism of angiogenesis, resulting in rapid, uncontrolled proliferation of tumor neovascularization and a large, abnormally disordered replenishment network ( Liu Y. et al, 2021 ; Uemura et al, 2021 ; Zhu et al, 2021 ). CircRNAs can also be involved in the malignant invasion and metastasis of GBM by affecting angiogenesis ( Figure 3A ).…”