Current State And Trends In The Incidence Of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adult Population And Opportunities For Its Prevention And Treatment In Moscow Healthcare Organizations

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, the incidence of kidney diseases among adult population is growing. It is expected to become the fifth leading cause of death by 2040. Showing no symptoms at early stages, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely related to diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity and kidney dysfunction in older age, which requires long-term and expensive treatment. Organization structure and the strategy of medical care provided by Moscow nephrology service is aimed at implementing measures for risk prevention and active early detection of kidney disease, as well as informing general population and medical community about existing diagnostic methods, modern treatment options and schemes.
 The purpose of the study was to identify trends in CKD prevalence and incidence among able-bodied population in the context of Moscow nephrology service improvement. 
 Materials and Methods. An analysis of disease prevalence and incidence among able-bodied population based on official statistics data of the Russian Research Institute of Health (RIH) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Centre of Medical Statistics of Moscow Healthcare Department was carried out; indicators of time series and average growth/decrease rates were calculated. In order to identify a long-term trend, least squares method was used. Incidence rates were expressed per 100,000 able-bodied population.
 Results. In 2022, the overall disease prevalence in Moscow was lower than for the country as a whole (31.3 and 74.2 cases per 100,000 population, respectively), while incidence of the able-bodied population in Moscow was lower than countrywide (2.9 and 11.5 cases per 100,000 population, respectively). The long-term dynamics of CRD prevalence and incidence was generally characterized by an upward trend. Thus, the average annual incidence in Moscow was 9.8% and 6.1%, while in the Russian Federation 7.2% and 5.4%, respectively. On average, 91.3% of able-bodied patients with CKD in Moscow are under follow-up monitoring for a year. The number of dispensary patients with CKD increased by 2.5 times in 2022 in comparison to 2013, from 11.7 to 29.5 per 100,000 population, respectively. Since 2016, patients with newly diagnosed CKD have been provided with 100% coverage of follow-up monitoring.