Current status of sol–gel processing of glasses, ceramics, and organic–inorganic hybrids: a brief review

Abstract

Solgel process is defined by IUPAC as "process through which a network is formed from solution by a progressive change of liquid precursor into a sol, to a gel, and in most cases finally to a dry network". Among the many recent topics on solgel processing, the synthesis and applications of nonporous glasses and ceramics, aerogels, and mesoporous and/or nanostructured materials are briefly reviewed in terms of reaction mechanisms, process optimization, and functionalities.

Effect of carbon on the co-presence of metallic tungsten as a nucleation agent and Eu2+ in glass: crystallization of CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 glass probed with Eu2+ luminescence

“…In addition, composites can compensate for the shortcoming of individual components and make them functional. One example is glassceramics (GCs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] generated by precipitating crystalline phases in glassy phases. GCs were developed because glass bulk materials are brittle materials whose mechanical properties are improved by the precipitation of crystal particles.…”

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] These GCs can be obtained by crystallization of glass doped with rare-earth ions such as Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , and Dy 3+ . [6][7][8][9] Some of GCs exhibit a decrease in the luminescence with increasing crystal eld. [9][10][11] In contrast to these rare-earth ions, Eu 2+ can exhibit an increase in luminescence with increasing crystal fraction, [12][13][14][15][16] which might be advantageous for using spectroscopic imaging.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] In the case where the crystal particles exhibit luminescence, the corresponding GCs are considered to be highly promising optical materials. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] These GCs can be obtained by crystallization of glass doped with rare-earth ions such as Eu 3+ , Tb 3+ , and Dy 3+ . [6][7][8][9] Some of GCs exhibit a decrease in the luminescence with increasing crystal eld.…”

Homogeneous silicone network formation in aqueous sol–gel systems toward low-density porous materials

“…Recently PMSQ aerogels with higher bending flexibility have been prepared by tuning the skeletal structure using Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 132 [3] 69-78 2024…”

Room temperature synthesis of CdSe/CdS triangular nanoemitters and their stabilization in colloidal state and sol–gel glass

“…Many gelling systems that can form monolithic glasses are applied to the formation of these materials. 24,25 As gelling agents can be used amine derivatives of silanes (e.g. aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), 26,27 N,N-dimethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane 17 ) or tetra-n-butylammonium uoride (TBAF).…”