Current Therapies in Nephrotic Syndrome: HDAC inhibitors, an Emerging Therapy for Kidney Diseases

Varghese, Rini; Majumdar, Anuradha

doi:10.1016/j.crbiot.2021.05.007

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…It is a promising intervention for targeting glomerular sclerosis and fibrosis as important pathologic features of fibrosis and CKD progression both in FSGS and INS patients. Moreover, evidence from various research has demonstrated an irregular expression of HDACs involved in renal fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis which are common pathological features of NS [ 63 ]. A combination of HDACi, vorinostat with an ACE inhibitor benazepril in an animal model of nephropathy could significantly reduce proteinuria and kidney injury via modulating different signaling cascades such as NF- κ B, IL-1, TGF- β , MAPK, and apoptosis machinery [66].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cytokines in Nephrotic Syndrome

Ahmadian

Saadat

Abdolahinia

et al. 2022

Mediators of Inflammation

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Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is an important primary glomerular disease characterized by severe proteinuria. Evidence supports a role for T cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of INS. Glucocorticoids are the primary therapy for INS; however, steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) patients are at a higher risk of drug-induced side effects and harbor poor prognosis. Although the exact mechanism of the resistance is unknown, the imbalances of T helper subtype 1 (Th1), Th2, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid responsiveness. Up to now, no confirmed biomarkers have been able to predict SRNS; however, a panel of cytokines may predict responsiveness and identify SRNS patients. Thus, the introduction of distinctive cytokines as novel biomarkers of SRNS enables both preventions of drug-related toxicity and earlier switch to more effective therapies. This review highlights the impacts of T cell population imbalances and their downstream cytokines on response to glucocorticoid responsiveness state in INS.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%