Current Trends in Mortality Rates of the Working Age Population in the Ural Federal District and the Sverdlovsk Region

Abstract

Introduction: Issues of protecting and promoting health of the working population are the most important problem of modern occupational medicine and healthcare. The mortality of workers leads to large economic losses for the society. Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of mortality structure and patterns in the working-age population of the Ural Federal District in 2018–2022. Materials and methods: Based on official statistics, we established the age structure of the population, long-term rates, standardized mortality rates per 100,000 working-age population for the main causes of death, increase rates and trends of their growth. The structure of population mortality was analyzed in accordance with ICD-10 codes. Results: The analysis of mortality among the population of working age in the Ural Federal District for 2018–2022 revealed negative dynamics in most of its constituents. The proportion of deaths in working age was 24.9 %, with the working-age death rate in men being 3.5 times higher than that in women. In the structure of causes of death of the working-age population, including males, diseases of the circulatory system (29.0 %), external causes (23.1 %), and neoplasms (13.7 %) ranked highest while neoplasms (21.7 %), diseases of the circulatory system (21.2 %), and infectious diseases (14.4 %) prevailed in women. Characteristics of the regions that determine their socio-economic development influence the age and sex composition and mortality rates in the working-age population. Conclusion: Reducing mortality rates in working age will require both increased government investments and the development of corporate medicine, combining efforts of employers, employees and authorities to improve health and well-being of the working-age population.