Current Trends in Pyrrole and Porphyrin-Derived Nanoscale Materials for Biomedical Applications

Fathi, Parinaz; Pan, Dipanjan

doi:10.2217/nnm-2020-0125

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 198 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Many nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds were designed, synthesized, and screened for their biological activities [ 164 , 165 ]. However, pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs have been attracted more for their diverse pharmacological activities [ 166 ].…”

Section: Antimycobacterial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update

Basha¹,

Basavarajaiah²,

Shyamsunder³

2022

Mol Divers

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound pyrrole and pyrrolidine has been a versatile field of study for a long time for its diverse biological and medicinal importance . Biomolecules such as chlorophyll, hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochrome are naturally occurring metal complexes of pyrrole. These metal complexes play a vital role in a living system like photosynthesis, oxygen carrier, as well storage, and redox cycling reactions. Apart from this, many medicinal drugs are derived from either pyrrole, pyrrolidine, or by its fused analogs. This review mainly focuses on the therapeutic potential of pyrrole, pyrrolidine, and its fused analogs, more specifically anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antituberculosis. Further, this review summarizes more recent reports on the pyrrole, pyrrolidine analogs, and their biological potential. Graphical Abstract

show abstract

Section: Antimycobacterial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update

Basha¹,

Basavarajaiah²,

Shyamsunder³

2022

Mol Divers

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Contrast agents with high electron density are vital for CT, with gold, iodine, bismuth or gadolinium providing different densities between organs and adjunct tissues [ 80 ]. Nonetheless, the nonspecific distribution and high doses of contrast agents used to obtain decent images may induce side effects and toxicity to normal tissues [ 81 ]. A workaround for this toxicity is metal coordination into a porphyrin core, or by combining MOFs with gold nanoparticles in a composite.…”

Section: Nano-sized Porphyrin Mofs Cancer Theranostic Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrin NanoMetal-Organic Frameworks as Cancer Theranostic Agents

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid multifunctional platforms that have found remarkable applications in cancer treatment and diagnostics. Independently, these materials can be employed in cancer treatment as intelligent drug carriers in chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy; conversely, MOFs can further be used as diagnostic tools in fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography imaging, and photoacoustic imaging. One essential property of these materials is their great ability to fine-tune their composition toward a specific application by way of a judicious choice of the starting building materials (metal nodes and organic ligands). Moreover, many advancements were made concerning the preparation of these materials, including the ability to downsize the crystallites yielding nanoporous porphyrin MOFs (NMOFs) which are of great interest for clinical treatment and diagnostic theranostic tools. The usage of porphyrins as ligands allows a high degree of multifunctionality. Historically these molecules are well known for their reactive oxygen species formation and strong fluorescence characteristics, and both have proved helpful in cancer treatment and diagnostic tools. The anticipation that porphyrins in MOFs could prompt the resulting materials to multifunctional theranostic platforms is a reality nowadays with a series of remarkable and ground-breaking reports available in the literature. This is particularly remarkable in the last five years, when the scientific community witnessed rapid development in porphyrin MOFs theranostic agents through the development of imaging technologies and treatment strategies for cancer. This manuscript reviews the most relevant recent results and achievements in this particular area of interest in MOF chemistry and application.

show abstract

“…The principle of PDT relies on producing a significant amount of singlet oxygen species to destroy the cancer site where the photosensitizer material is being accumulated. On the other hand, PTT relies on the physical healing process that even remains effective in hypoxic conditions [26] …”

Section: Porphyrin‐based Nanomaterials For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, PTT relies on the physical healing process that even remains effective in hypoxic conditions. [26] Porphyrins are naturally existing chromophores, possess a rich history of phototherapy, especially PDT. Several generations of photosensitizers have been used and investigated for efficient therapy against cancer.…”

Section: Porphyrin-based Nanomaterials For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrin‐Based Nanostructures for Cancer Theranostics: Chemistry, Fundamentals and Recent Advances

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As heterocyclic macrocycle organic compounds, porphyrins can generate a rich platform of chemical behavior and characteristics conveniently utilized for multiple bioapplications, including bio‐sensors, fluorescence tracking, and in vivo imaging. The conjugation of nanotechnology and porphyrins presents a promising approach to enhance the safety and effectiveness of porphyrin‐based materials in phototherapy against cancer. Several nanoformulations, including organic and inorganic nanocarriers, porphyrin‐laden nanoparticles, porphyrin‐based amphiphilic molecules, supramolecular polymers, and porphyrin‐based block copolymers, have been investigated to deliver porphyrins, which protect the pre‐mature release of photosensitizer and provide tumor‐selective and site‐specific targeting. The monodisperse nanoparticles formed of biocompatible building block conjugates can be beneficially used to develop a multifunctional novel system utilized in optical imaging, positron emission tomography, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and other imaging modalities in one formulation. This topic is important because exploiting and knowing porphyrin‐based nanostructures aids in detecting pathological damages that cannot readily be discovered by routine imaging or physical examination and thus, helps early diagnosis of cancer. This critical review will assess the basic knowledge and updated information for a broad audience of scientists, engineers, and newcomers related to the porphyrin‐based nanostructures for cancer theranostics

show abstract

Current Trends in Pyrrole and Porphyrin-Derived Nanoscale Materials for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 23 publications

References 198 publications

Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update

Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update

Porphyrin NanoMetal-Organic Frameworks as Cancer Theranostic Agents

Porphyrin‐Based Nanostructures for Cancer Theranostics: Chemistry, Fundamentals and Recent Advances

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About