Current Understanding of the Interplay between Phytohormones and Photosynthesis under Environmental Stress

Abstract

Abiotic stress accounts for huge crop losses every year across the globe. In plants, the photosynthetic machinery gets severely damaged at various levels due to adverse environmental conditions. Moreover, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated as a result of stress further promote the photosynthetic damage by inhibiting the repair system of photosystem II. Earlier studies have suggested that phytohormones are not only required for plant growth and development, but they also play a pivotal role in regulating plants’ responses to different abiotic stress conditions. Although, phytohormones have been studied in great detail in the past, their influence on the photosynthetic machinery under abiotic stress has not been studied. One of the major factors that limits researchers fromelucidating the precise roles of phytohormones is the highly complex nature of hormonal crosstalk in plants. Another factor that needs to be elucidated is the method used for assessing photosynthetic damage in plants that are subjected to abiotic stress. Here, we review the current understanding on the role of phytohormones in the photosynthetic machinery under various abiotic stress conditions and discuss the potential areas for further research.

Melatonin Positively Influences the Photosynthetic Machinery and Antioxidant System of Avena sativa during Salinity Stress

“…The impact of abiotic stresses on the photosynthetic machinery have been studied in detail using chlorophyll-a fluorescence kinetics [2,[44][45][46][47]. This method has been used extensively to study the impact of various abiotic stresses on the photosynthetic machinery of various crop plants.…”

Systems model‐guided rice yield improvements based on genes controlling source, sink, and flow

“…In principle, there should be a close interaction, or overlap, between these two sets of genes as well, given that increased sink strength requires higher source activity for the supply of photosynthate. Indeed, as discussed in earlier sections, phytohormones can regulate both rice architecture and panicle morphology and photosynthetic properties (Gururani et al ). Research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of interactions between genes controlling source, sink, and flow.…”

Tomato tolerance to abiotic stress: a review of most often engineered target sequences

“…ET biosynthesis, signalling or action because it would greatly facilitate the modification of phytohormone biosynthetic pathways for obtaining genetically modified plants with improved resistance to environmental stresses. ACC deaminase is one of the important enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of ethylene, displaying the ability of cleaving the ethylene precursor (ACC) (Glick et al 2007;Gururani et al 2015). Grichko and Glick (2001) generated transgenic tomato lines overexpressing ACC deaminase derived from bacteria.…”