Custom/Patient-Specific Total Knee Arthroplasty

Since every structure in the human body can vary, customization is important to choose the most appropriate medical option according to the patient. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure for the knee replacement that has a high rate of patient's dissatisfaction. Indeed, conventional prostheses are based on anthropometric data, that accommodate common knees. However, mismatch can occur, due to anatomical variations among the individuals. Thanks to the advances in imaging techniques and 3D modeling, it is possible to create customized knee implants, starting from medical images. In this context, the present research proposes a methodology to design an optimal customized knee implant taking into account clinical (e.g., prosthesis alignment and surgical cuts) and technical parameters (e.g., materials) that have a direct impact on TKA performance and patient's satisfaction. Parameters can be changed and the different scenarios have been modeled and simulated to understand the optimal combination. Hence, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been employed to simulate and compare the proposed customized models, changing the different clinical and technical parameters. Stress induced by different combinations of the parameters have been evaluated in order to choose the optimal solution, among the eight proposed scenarios. The optimum is reached with a physiological alignment, with 6 femoral facets and the UHMWPE tibial insert. The optimal implant design maintains the natural joint line and allows to preserve more bone. The material is the parameter that mostly influences the distribution of the stress.

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Evaluation of Clinical and Technical Parameters to Customize Total Knee Arthroplasty Implants

Ghidotti

Landi

Regazzoni

et al. 2022

Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering

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Custom/Patient-Specific Total Knee Arthroplasty

Cited by 1 publication

References 19 publications

Evaluation of Clinical and Technical Parameters to Customize Total Knee Arthroplasty Implants

Evaluation of Clinical and Technical Parameters to Customize Total Knee Arthroplasty Implants

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