Cut‐out filter for ultraviolet radiation from poly(vinyl alcohol)

El-Kader, K.M.A.; El-Lawindy, A. Y. M.; Mansour, A. F.; Hamied, S. F. Abdel

doi:10.1002/app.10486

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is a well-known, water-soluble polymer which is widely used as paper coating agents, adhesives, and films. Recently, PVA has been used in adhesives manufactured of automotive safety glass in textile size and finishes in paper sizes and coating, as binder for ceramics, foundry cases, nonwoven fabric and various pigment [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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γ-Irradiation Effect on the Non-Cross-Linked and Cross-Linked Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

El‐Sawy

El‐Arnaouty

Ghaffar

2010

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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The non-cross-linked and cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were prepared by the casting method then irradiated with gamma rays for various doses up to 300 kGy. The structure and characterization of PVA were determined by using Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Swelling behaviour was also investigated. Mechanical properties have been examined with respect to the absorbed dose. The color of the films changed to yellowish-white after irradiation and the crystallinity of the films decreased with increasing dose. Additional changes observed by FTIR analysis of the degradation products demonstrated that the radiolysis of PVA was initiated by liberation of H and OH groups leading to scission of the main chains and formation of carbonyl and double bond groups. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The FTIR, UV, XRD and mechanical properties indicate that the addition of cross-linker led to high degrees of interaction between the cross-linker and the macromolecules of polymeric chains and acted as a stabilizing agent against gamma irradiation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inorganic additives, such as transition metal salts, have considerable effect on the optical and electrical properties of PVA [8] . Ionizing radiation has a significant effect on polymer properties, and certain physical properties, in particular may be modified dramatically [1,2,[9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

γ-Irradiation Effect on the Non-Cross-Linked and Cross-Linked Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

El‐Sawy

El‐Arnaouty

Ghaffar

2010

Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering

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“…Hydrogen bonds keep together polymer chains, even in the amorphous phase. PVA has been the subject of intensive research because it has many applications in industry and it is of relatively low cost [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Electron Beam Irradiated Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Poly Ethylene Glycol Blends

Ali

Essa²

2013

J. Sci. Res.

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Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) blends were prepared and irradiated with different electron beam irradiation doses. The influence of the irradiation dose, and PEG content on the physico-chemical properties was investigated. The data regarding gel content demonstrated that the radiation-induced crosslinking of PVA and PVA/PEG samples increased as a result of increasing irradiation dose and decreasing PEG content. The swelling volume ratio shows an opposite behavior. The XRD parameters (crystllinity percent and d-spacing values) show a decreasing behavior for PVA and PVA/PEG blends as a result of either irradiation or blending PVA matrix with PEG. The DSC data illustrate a decreasing trend in melting point, glass transition temperature, and degree of crystallinity with increasing irradiation dose or PEG content. and unhydrolyzation properties, which makes it more environmentally friendly. In addition, PEG is more common which could reduce the cost of experiments and simplify the experiments process. PVA and PEG blends have been widely explored as water soluble polymers for numerous industrial, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to the advantages of nontoxic, non-carcinogenic and bioadhesive properties [8].The miscibility between the constituents of a polymer mixture is an important factor in the development of new materials based on polymeric blends. In miscible polymeric blends, there are often specific interactions between functional groups or polymer segments that lead to decrease of the Gibbs energy of mixing. Miscible polymer blends present only one phase, while immiscible blends present separated domains, and the final properties of polymer blends are directly related to the degree of their miscibilities [9]. In immiscible polymer blends, their physical properties are poor compared with those of parent polymers because of phase separations arising from weak interaction at the boundaries of component polymers. The miscibility and the physical properties of polymer blends can be improved by applying intermolecular interaction such as hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interaction between blend components. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction by hydroxyl, halogen, carbonyl, and amide groups leads to the improvement of miscibility based on favorable enthalpic interaction between polymer chains. Addition of compatibilizer into immiscible polymer blends also improves the miscibility and the physical properties [6,[9][10][11][12]. For polymer-polymer miscibility investigations, the most useful techniques are electronic microscopy [13], spectroscopy [14], and thermal analysis [15]. Electron beam irradiation of polymer blends has been employed in improving the properties and miscibility of blends. High energy irradiation produces free radicals that can readily interact with each other forming crosslinking and strengthening the polymer structure. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of electron beam irradiation on the structural, physical and chemical propert...

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“…26 Also, PVA has been used in a wide variety of fields since its discovery in 1924. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The optical uses of PVA are concerned with the retardation, polarization, and filtration of light, as well as with photography 35 and related imaging fields. PVA can be also used in medical applications such as artificial blood vessels, artificial intestines, contact lenses, and drug-delivery systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopic study of CdS, PVA composite films

Badr

El-Kader

Khafagy

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:A new material, which can be used in solar energy utilization, is obtained here by adding different weights of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to the semiconducting material CdS. The effect of this addition was studied by using FT-Raman spectrometer (based on 1500 mW Nd : YAG laser at 1064 nm), UV-Vis-IR (190 -800 nm) spectrophotometer, and X-ray diffractometer. Our experimental results indicated the appearance of several new Raman bands, which have not existed in both CdS and PVA. Some of the bands which are already existing in the Raman spectra of PVA showed an unexpected systematic increase in their intensities after the addition of CdS to the matrix. On the other hand, some of the new Raman bands appeared in special concentrations of PVA only, whereas some of the Raman bands of CdS were found to disappear after adding PVA. Finally, shifts in some bands associated with random increase in their intensities after adding PVA to CdS was detected in the FT-Raman analysis. The experimental evidence given here might be attributed to the occurrence of new bonds, indicating that the produced mixture is a new material. The assignment of the new bands as well as an interpretation of the obtained variations is given here. Our X-ray diffraction data confirmed the interpretation introduced here. Moreover, the UV-Vis spectra confirmed the existence of new absorption bands in the Visible region. The I-V characteristic curve was measured for a selected concentration of the new composite material, showing a remarkable increase in the values of the conduction current of about two orders of magnitude as compared with the pure PVA material.

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Cut‐out filter for ultraviolet radiation from poly(vinyl alcohol)

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

γ-Irradiation Effect on the Non-Cross-Linked and Cross-Linked Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

γ-Irradiation Effect on the Non-Cross-Linked and Cross-Linked Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

Characterization of Electron Beam Irradiated Poly Vinyl Alcohol/Poly Ethylene Glycol Blends

Raman spectroscopic study of CdS, PVA composite films

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