Cutaneous smooth muscle neoplasms: Clinical features, histologic findings, and treatment options

Cutaneous Smooth Muscle Tumors in the Dog and Cat

“…Both are used in human and veterinary pathology as cell markers for smooth muscle tumors. 4,11,13 However, several references have suggested that ␣-SMA may be a more reliable marker of smooth muscle tumors than desmin in both human beings and dogs. 4,13 One study examining canine smooth muscle tumors reported positive desmin staining in only 5 of 11 sarcomas.…”

“…6,10,20,23 The prognosis in human cases differs significantly between cutaneous (i.e., dermal) and subcutaneous tumors, with the latter having much higher potential for both local recurrence and metastasis. 11,13,20 All tumors in this study were arising within the dermis, with secondary involvement of the subcutis in 4 of 41 cases (two piloleiomyosarcomas and two angioleiomyosarcomas). In the two cases in which local recurrence was reported, neither had subcutaneous involvement.…”

“…The lesions were categorized according to the human literature. 5,11,28 Paraffin blocks of 5 arrector pili muscle hamartomas, 12 piloleiomyomas, 5 piloleiomyosarcomas, 1 angioleiomyoma, and 7 angioleiomyosarcomas were available for immunohistochemistry. Five-m-thick sections were cut from routinely processed paraffin blocks, mounted on poly-L-lysine-coated glass slides and dried in horizontal racks in a 55-60 C oven.…”

Caso para diagnóstico

“…Apresentam-se como nódulos firmes eritematosos ou eritemato-acastanhados intradérmicos fixos à pele, mas não aos tecidos profundos. 3 Quando em grande número, os piloleiomiomas podem ser dolorosos. Crises de dor aguda são passí-veis de acontecer espontaneamente ou após estímu-los físicos ou atrito.…”

“…5 Nesses casos, pode haver eritrocitose resultante da atividade eritropoiética tumoral. 3 O tratamento deve ser baseado na sintomatologia do paciente. Na maioria das vezes, basta camuflar o local com cosméticos e evitar exposição ao frio e ao trauma.…”