Cutaneous Smooth Muscle Tumors in the Dog and Cat

Liu, S. M.; Mikaelian, Igor

doi:10.1354/vp.40-6-685

Cited by 53 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These tumors are said to be derived from vascular smooth muscle, are characterized by the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and are rich in blood vessels. 38 In animals, angiomyomas have been reported in dogs and cats 1,4,13,17 and, as in the present study, have proliferation of both smooth muscle cells and blood vessels. However, the present tumors contain smooth muscle cells in various stages of differentiation, from desmin-negative immature cells to mature cells with all muscle markers including desmin and forming muscle bundles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Cardiac Angioleiomyoma in 44 Cattle in Japan (1982–2009)

2010

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A retrospective study was performed on primary cardiac tumors found in 44 cattle during meat inspection in Japan, using histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. The age of affected cattle ranged from 10 to 129 months; 82% were less than 3 years old. In 38 hearts, the tumor was solitary; the remaining 6 hearts had multiple masses. All tumors were subendocardial and involved the papillary muscles and/or cardiac valves. Two histologic patterns were recognized; both included giant cells. Pattern 1 was characterized by interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped cells; pattern 2 resembled cavernous hemangioma. The 2 patterns coexisted and were linked by transitional zones. Given the immunohistochemical reactivity and ultrastructure, the spindle-shaped cells were identified as smooth muscle cells and the giant cells as endothelial cells. Single cell and multicellular angiogenesis by giant cells was observed. The tumors were classified as cardiac angioleiomyoma. Subendocardial multipotential mesenchymal cells, persistent tissue of the endocardial cushion, or valvular interstitial cells were suspected as the origin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Cardiac Angioleiomyoma in 44 Cattle in Japan (1982–2009)

2010

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“…Hamartoma originating from arrector pili muscles was described in 8 dogs (38) and another was diagnosed in sudoriferous glands at the side and on the head of 2 cats. According to the authors, these changes resembled syringocystadenoma papilliferum, which occurs in humans (24).…”

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Hamartoma: a rare developmental disorder

Bartyzel¹,

Max²,

Gruszczyńska³

et al. 2017

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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SummaryHamartoma is a developmental disorder of various body parts and organs. It is characterized by a nonneoplastic growth of tissue with an uneven distribution and proportion of individual cells. Lesions progress for several years, but usually do not give clinical symptoms, and do not undergo malignant transformation. They occur alone or coexist with other defects, sometimes forming a characteristic clinical picture of a syndrome of congenital defects. Mutations in genes, such as PTEN, GLI3, SDH B/D, PIK3CA and ACT1, cause a dysfunction of the tumor suppressor gene and result in an increased neoplastic transformation. Hamartoma is a lesion between developmental disorders and benign tumors, which occurs frequently in humans, but is very rare in domestic animals. In a histopathological examination, however, it is diagnosed relatively often. In the veterinary literature, both hamartoma and choristoma are attributed mostly to errors in embryogenesis and are not considered as preneoplastic lesions.

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“…Although it has been reported infrequently in dogs, cats, ferrets, and monkeys [2,3,6,14,16], there have been no reports in laboratory animals. The cutaneous or subcutaneous development of this tumor usually occurs on the head or neck as a solitary dermal mass in animals, and metastasis is uncommon [6,14].In the present study, we describe a case of primary leiomyosarcoma in the hind leg of a hamster, which metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm.The 10-month-old female Syrian golden hamster presented in this study was housed at the animal facility of Kangwon National University and had been used for breeding. The hamster exhibited ataxia and behavioral coordination failure as a result of a large mass in the right hind leg.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Reports of smooth muscle tumors of the skin and subcutis are also extremely rare in domestic animals, and most of those few tumors were benign [6,14,16]. To date, only a small number of cutaneous or subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma cases have been documented in dogs, cats, ferrets, cows, and monkeys [2,3,6,8,14]. Furthermore, unlike gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma which metastasizes relatively frequently (in 7 to 33% of cases in dogs), subcutaneous tumors have rarely been observed to metastasize [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Primary Subcutaneous Leiomyosarcoma of the Hamster Hind Leg

Kim

Yoon

2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. We report the first case of a primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma that originated in the hind leg of a hamster and metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm. A 10-month-old female Syrian golden hamster was presented with a large, firm, white subcutaneous mass in the right hind leg. The tumor invaded into the bone marrow and small nodules were also present in the lung and diaphragm; however, no tumor masses were found in the visceral organs. Histologically, the tumors were spindle cell sarcomas, composed of densely packed pleomorphic spindle cells with oval to elongate nuclei and moderate amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin, but negative for α-sarcomeric actin and S-100. Thus, the diagnosis was primary leiomyosarcoma of the hind leg with metastasis to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous primary subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma of the hind leg with distant metastasis in laboratory animals. KEY WORDS: hamster, hind leg, subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 70(5): 517-520, 2008 Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of smooth muscle origin, characterized by broad interlacing fascicles of spindle-shaped neoplastic cells with elongate nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Leiomyosarcoma also shows malignant phenotypes such as pleomorphism, invasion, a relatively high mitotic index, necrosis, and metastasis [6]. This smooth muscle cell tumor may occur at any site in the body, because smooth muscle cells are widely distributed in every tissue and organ. Visceral organs, especially the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, and genital tract, have been shown to be relatively common sites for spontaneous leiomyosarcoma in domestic and experimental animals [5,10,12,13,15,18,21]. Leiomyosarcoma rarely occurs in other organs; only a few cases of leiomyosarcoma in the oral cavity, esophagus, and urinary bladder have been reported in domestic animals and mice [4,6,11,15,17].Cutaneous or subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma is extremely rare in animals. Although it has been reported infrequently in dogs, cats, ferrets, and monkeys [2,3,6,14,16], there have been no reports in laboratory animals. The cutaneous or subcutaneous development of this tumor usually occurs on the head or neck as a solitary dermal mass in animals, and metastasis is uncommon [6,14].In the present study, we describe a case of primary leiomyosarcoma in the hind leg of a hamster, which metastasized to the bone marrow, lung and diaphragm.The 10-month-old female Syrian golden hamster presented in this study was housed at the animal facility of Kangwon National University and had been used for breeding. The hamster exhibited ataxia and behavioral coordination failure as a result of a large mass in the right hind leg.The hamster was sacrificed under ether anesthesia, and necropsy revealed a firm, whitish, large mass, measuring 50 × 50 mm, in the subcutaneous region of the hind leg, surr...

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Cutaneous Smooth Muscle Tumors in the Dog and Cat

Cited by 53 publications

References 24 publications

Cardiac Angioleiomyoma in 44 Cattle in Japan (1982–2009)

Cardiac Angioleiomyoma in 44 Cattle in Japan (1982–2009)

Hamartoma: a rare developmental disorder

Primary Subcutaneous Leiomyosarcoma of the Hamster Hind Leg

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