Cycle Resolved Combustion and Pre-Ignition Diagnostic Employing Ion Current in a PFI Boosted SI Engine

Tong, Sunyu; Li, Haimiao; Yang, Zhaohui; Deng, Jun; Hu, Zongjie; Li, Liguang

doi:10.4271/2015-01-0881

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Standard knock control strategies typically use signals coming from an on-board compatible system for knock intensity sensing (accelerometers or Ionization current-based, ION) and move spark advance at every time step. Spark timing is advanced whenever the intensity is lower than the threshold, while it is retarded when knock occurs, by applying fixed corrections [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Moreover, in some cases SA maps are calibrated to maintain knock intensity under the threshold for nominal operating conditions (environmental temperature, fuel Research Octane Number, RON, and so on), and by using the knock controller just to retard SA when the on-board system senses "high" intensity knocking events, according to defined spark timing correction maps [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 1—Evaluating Open-Loop Chain Performance

et al. 2021

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This work is focused on the development and validation of a spark advance controller, based on a piston “damage” model and a predictive knock model. The algorithm represents an integrated and innovative way to manage both the knock intensity and combustion phase. It is characterized by a model-based open-loop algorithm with the capability of calculating with high accuracy the spark timing that achieves the desired piston damage in a certain period, for knock-limited engine operating conditions. Otherwise, it targets the maximum efficiency combustion phase. Such controller is primarily thought to be utilized under conditions in which feedback is not needed. In this paper, the main models and the structure of the open-loop controller are described and validated. The controller is implemented in a rapid control prototyping device and validated reproducing real driving maneuvers at the engine test bench. Results of the online validation process are presented at the end of the paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure13. Normalized and offset MAPO98% curves for fixed operating conditions (7000 RPM, 1800 mbar of intake manifold pressure) but for different lambda values.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 1—Evaluating Open-Loop Chain Performance

et al. 2021

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“…It has been employed in air-fuel ratio prediction, 14 transient exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) estimation 15 and abnormal combustion control. [16][17][18] The production engines from BMW and Saab have launched an ion current detection module for knock and misfire control. A good correlation between ion current and combustion has also been found in HCCI combustion, [19][20][21][22] but only a few results of using ion current for HCCI combustion control can be found in the references.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion current–based homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion control using direct water injection

Zhu

Deng

Dewor

et al. 2020

International Journal of Engine Research

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Homogeneous charge compression ignition has proven to be both highly efficient and to operate with ultra-low NOx raw emissions. However, homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion is a dynamic process due to strong cycle-to-cycle coupling effects caused mainly by the residual gas. Compared to conventional spark-ignited and diesel engines, the lack of direct mixture composition and ignition control increases the challenge of combustion instabilities, especially at boundary conditions. To stabilize the combustion process, real-time in-cylinder combustion diagnostics and control are often used. In this study, for the first time, ion current detection technology and direct water injection are combined for homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion control. By analyzing the return map of the crank angle at 50% cumulative heat release under unstable conditions, it was identified that a misfire or incomplete combustion is usually followed by knocking-like early combustion with high cylinder pressure gradients. Through the correlation analysis between ion current and combustion, a cycle-to-cycle closed-loop control strategy was developed and implemented on a rapid control prototyping engine control unit. Real-time calculated ion current parameters were used to predict the 50% cumulative heat release position of the next cycle and prevent early combustion by direct water injection. The calculation results and controller performance were validated on a single-cylinder research engine. With the controller activated, the standard deviation of 50% cumulative heat release and dynamic programming to the max could be reduced by 19% and 11%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of indicated mean effective pressure was reduced by 12%. A slight increase in indicated mean effective pressure after activating the controller also shows the potential for efficiency improvement. Moreover, not only early combustion is controlled, but also late combustion is significantly reduced.

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“…Due to the early occurrence of pre-ignition, sufficient time is provided for pressure propagation, which is more destructive to the engine than an ordinary knock. In 2015, for the first time, Tong et al [52] detected the pre-ignition on a turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine using the ion current signal. Then, in 2019, Wang et al [53] used ion current signals to detect pre-ignition and used additional fuel injection cooling method to successfully suppress super knock which is induced by pre-ignition under current combustion cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Application of Ion Current/Cylinder Pressure Cooperative Combustion Diagnosis and Control System

et al. 2020

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The application of advanced technologies for engine efficiency improvement and emissions reduction also increase the occurrence possibility of abnormal combustions such as incomplete combustion, misfire, knock or pre-ignition. Novel promising combustion modes, which are basically dominated by chemical reaction kinetics show a major difficulty in combustion control. The challenge in precise combustion control is hard to overcome by the traditional engine map-based control method because it cannot monitor the combustion state of each cycle, hence, real-time cycle-resolved in-cylinder combustion diagnosis and control are required. In the past, cylinder pressure and ion current sensors, as the two most commonly used sensors for in-cylinder combustion diagnosis and control, have enjoyed a seemingly competitive relationship, so all related researches only use one of the sensors. However, these two sensors have their own unique features. In this study, the idea is to combine the information obtained from both sensors. At first, two kinds of ion current detection system are comprehensively introduced and compared at the hardware level and signal level. The most promising variant (the DC-Power ion current detection system) is selected for the subsequent experiments. Then, the concept of ion current/cylinder pressure cooperative combustion diagnosis and control system is illustrated and implemented on the engine prototyping control unit. One application case of employing this system for homogenous charge compression ignition abnormal combustion control and its stability improvement is introduced. The results show that a combination of ion current and cylinder pressure signals can provide richer and also necessary information for combustion control. Finally, ion current and cylinder pressure signals are employed as inputs of artificial neural network (ANN) models for combustion prediction. The results show that the combustion prediction performance is better when the inputs are a combination of both signals, instead of using only one of them. This offline analysis proves the feasibility of using an ANN-based model whose inputs are a combination of ion current and pressure signals for better prediction accuracy.

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Cycle Resolved Combustion and Pre-Ignition Diagnostic Employing Ion Current in a PFI Boosted SI Engine

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 1—Evaluating Open-Loop Chain Performance

Development and Experimental Validation of an Adaptive, Piston-Damage-Based Combustion Control System for SI Engines: Part 1—Evaluating Open-Loop Chain Performance

Ion current–based homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion control using direct water injection

Development and Application of Ion Current/Cylinder Pressure Cooperative Combustion Diagnosis and Control System

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