Cyclea barbata Miers Ethanol Extract and Coclaurine Induce Estrogen Receptor α in the Development of Follicle Pre-ovulation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Menstrual disorders to women are generally caused by the disturbance of estrogen production level. This can cause problems in the female reproductive organs. Herbal medications at this moment are demanding to prevent the risk of chemical substances, one of them is grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata) which has the potency to induce estrogen levels to women and some people use it to overcome fertility problems. One of the active compounds content is coclaurine.
 AIM: The study aimed to know the main compound leaves of C. barbata which has an important role in estrogen induction, protein target, and pathway through to activate estrogen production.
 METHODS: There are 18 active compounds from C. barbata gained from database and had been confirmed the presence of coclaurine compound used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Then, it predicted that the potency of molecular interaction between active compounds of ESRα had been done by the molecular docking and in vitro approach.
 RESULTS: Coclaurine has the highest binding affinity to activate ESRα. Even though the network analysis prediction did not show the direct interaction, we predict the coclaurine might first interact with other steroid proteins showing by Cytoscape analysis. In vitro results showing the maximum dosage of C. barbata extract is in 100 ppm, while coclaurine dosage is optimum at 100 and 200 μM/L to induce the maturation of oocytes.
 CONCLUSION: Coclaurine compounds give stimulation of hormonal induction through several proteins such as SRC, ADRB2, and ADRB3 which involve CYP1A1 and CYP19A1, then activate estrone and estradiol to help the increase of estrogen. C. barbata ethanol extracts and coclaurine had been proved having ability to enhance development follicles pre-ovulation.

The New Detection Method of Ovarian Follicle Development Using Digitized Wide Area Measurement

“…This case becase the extract inside nutrient components such as water, energy, proteins, fats, fiber, carbohydrate, clorofil, calories, Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, calcium, phosphor, iron, and magnesium. In the previous research in analyzing green Barbata leaves to screening phytochemical, there were compounds of flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin, and steroid [12].…”

“…This case will impact to the increasing of estradiol level. There are some paths of increasing the estradiol level become estrogen or known as steroidogenesis theory and FKHR through the process of granulosa cell proliferation [12].…”

The percentages of chlorophyll, flavonoids, dietary fibre, and water content in cyclea barbata, premna oblongata miq, and cocculus orbiculatus leaves

“…Cyclea barbata leaves ethanol extract and coclaurine can enhance pre-ovulatory follicle development. The higher the dosage of ethanol extract of Cylcea barbata and Coclaurine, it can positively affect follicle maturation [18].…”