Cydonia

Bell, Richard L.; Leitão, José

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16057-8_1

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Forced intergeneric hybridisation of Cydonia (quince) with Malus resulted in fertile genotypes which have been identified as an artificial hybrid genus × Cydomalus. However, the seedlings produced are generally weak and of low viability and germinability (Bell and Leitão, 2011). F2 progeny from F1 genus × Cydomalus hybrids seem to originate from apomictic seeds (Information communicated to the authors by W. Keulemans).…”

Section: Experimental Crossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)

2022

Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

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From their first commercialisation in the mid-1990s, genetically engineered crops (also known as "transgenic" or "genetically modified" plants) have been approved for commercial release in an increasing number of countries, for planting, entering in the composition of foods and feeds, or use in industrial processing. The majority of these productions are for soybean, maize, cotton and rapeseed (canola) bearing pest resistance and herbicide tolerance traits, aiming to improve yields and reduce the costs of production. Other transgenic crops that are increasingly grown to date comprise lucerne (alfalfa), sugar beet, sugarcane, papaya, safflower, potato, eggplant, as well as pumpkin, apple and pineapple in smaller areas. Other traits are increasingly introduced in engineered plants, adapting them to biotic or abiotic stress, such as resistance to drought or tolerance to salt in the growing environment, or changing a characteristic, e.g. modified oil content, reduced lignin content, non-browning or nutritional quality (biofortification). Thus, transgenic crops, where adopted and available on the market, enlarge possibilities for farmers, industry and consumers. They can play a part in addressing global concerns such as the rising need for food and feed in the growing population context or the necessary adaptation of agriculture for better resilience to climate change.Modern biotechnologies are applied to plants (crops, flowers and trees) but also animals and micro-organisms. The safety of the resulting genetically engineered organisms, when released in the environment for their use in agriculture, forestry, fishery, the food and feed industry, biofuel production or other applications, represents a challenging issue. A scientifically sound approach to their risk assessment should inform biosafety regulators and support national decisions regarding their possible market release. Genetically engineered products are rigorously assessed by their developers during their elaboration and by governments when ready for commercial use, to ensure high safety standards for the environment, human food and animal feed. Such assessments are considered essential for healthy and sustainable agriculture, industry and trade.In 2019, according to the annual report of the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications, the five main producers of genetically engineered crops were the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and India (listed by decreasing area) covering a combined 170 million hectares representing more than 90% of the global transgenic crop area. Among the 29 countries having grown genetically engineered crops in that year, 9 of them were OECD countries, listed by decreasing area as follows: the

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Section: Experimental Crossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)

2022

Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology

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“…It belongs to the family Rosaceae (rose), subfamily Maloideae (Pomoidae), (pome fruit). The subfamily Maloideae has about 1000 species and 30 genera, including the genus Cydonia, which has only the species of Cydonia oblonga Mill., with a large number of varieties (Bell and Leitao, 2011). Quince cultivars are divided into three groups on the basis of their fruit shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of pollen morphological characteristics in some quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) cultivars

Radović¹,

Nikolić²,

Milatović³

et al. 2016

Turk J Agric For

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Morphological characterization of pollen grains is very important in the identification of individual species and cultivars of fruit trees, including quince. As material for these studies, the pollen of eight quince cultivars, Leskovacka, Vranjska, Morava, Pazardzijska, Hemus, Asenica, Portugal, and Triumph was used. During the 3-year study period (2010)(2011)(2012), using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the following characteristics were investigated: the size and shape of pollen grains (length, width, and length-towidth ratio), colpus length, colpus width, mesocolpium width, and characteristics of exine pattern [number of ridges per area (100 µm 2 ) at the equatorial region of exine, ridge width, and furrow width]. The tested quince cultivars differed significantly in terms of morphological characteristics of pollen. The exceptions were colpus and mesocolpium width, as well as the ridge and furrow width on the exine, which showed no statistically significant difference. Pollen grains of quince are characterized by great length (over 53 µm). The shape of pollen grains varied from prolate (Leskovacka, Vranjska, Morava, Hemus, Asenica, and Triumph) to perprolate (Pazardzijska and Portugal). The exine pattern of all cultivars was striate with longitudinal ridges, which were more parallel in cultivars Vranjska, Hemus, Portugal, and Triumph and less parallel in cultivars Leskovacka, Morava, Pazardzijska, and Asenica. Three groups of similar cultivars are separated on the basis of hierarchical cluster analysis results. Some pollen morphological characteristics, such as the size and shape of pollen grains and colpus length, can be used in the identification of quince cultivars.

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