Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3

Michel, Benjamin; Fournier, Guillaume; Lieffrig, François; Costes, Bérénice; Vanderplasschen, Alain

doi:10.3201/eid1612.100593

Cited by 77 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Though juveniles, fingerlings, and adults are susceptible to CyHV-3 disease [17][18][19], larvae have been reported to be resistant to infection based on PCR analysis of experimentally inoculated subjects [19]. These results suggest that the early stages of carp development are resistant to CyHV-3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sensitivity and permissivity of Cyprinus carpio to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 during the early stages of its development: importance of the epidermal mucus as an innate immune barrier

Ronsmans

Boutier

Rakus

et al. 2014

Vet Res

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Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) causes a lethal disease in common and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). The present study investigated the ability of CyHV-3 to infect common carp during the early stages of its development (from embryos to fingerlings) after inoculation by immersion in water containing the virus. Fish were inoculated at different times after hatching with a pathogenic recombinant CyHV-3 strain expressing luciferase. The sensitivity and permissivity of carp to CyHV-3 were investigated using in vivo bioluminescence imaging. The susceptibility of carp to CyHV-3 disease was investigated by measuring the survival rate. Carp were sensitive and permissive to CyHV-3 infection and susceptible to CyHV-3 disease at all stages of development, but the sensitivity of the two early developmental stages (embryo and larval stages) was limited compared to later stages. The lower sensitivity observed for the early developmental stages was due to stronger inhibition of viral entry into the host by epidermal mucus. In addition, independent of the developmental stage at which inoculation was performed, the localization of light emission suggested that the skin is the portal of CyHV-3 entry. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate that carp are sensitive and permissive to CyHV-3 at all stages of development and confirm that the skin is the major portal of entry after inoculation by immersion in infectious water. The results also stress the role of epidermal mucus as an innate immune barrier against pathogens even and especially at the early stages of development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Sensitivity and permissivity of Cyprinus carpio to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 during the early stages of its development: importance of the epidermal mucus as an innate immune barrier

Ronsmans

Boutier

Rakus

et al. 2014

Vet Res

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“…In 2010, mass mortalities associated with KHVD in wild common carp were reported from Canada. Outbreaks of KHVD have also been reported from a number of Southeast Asian countries between 2005 and 2009, and KHVD has now been reported from 26 different countries [71,81].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In late 90s, major outbreaks of KHVD occurred in the USA, Israel, and Germany [71,81]. In 2010, mass mortalities associated with KHVD in wild common carp were reported from Canada.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral vaccines for farmed finfish

2013

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Over the past decade, aquaculture has grown at an average annual growth rate of approximately 6 % worldwide despite many challenges. Viral diseases are one of the major challenges that are threatening a sustainable growth of finfish farming globally. Vaccination of farmed fish plays an important role in commercial fish farming to mitigate viral diseases. In this review, we summarized the major viral diseases that have caused serious economic losses, and emerging diseases that pose a potential threat to aquaculture. The current status of viral vaccines in farmed fish are discussed, particularly the different types of vaccines that were licensed in recent years and are now commercially available, and the routes of delivery of those vaccines including the merits and demerits of each of these delivery method. Furthermore, the article provides an overview of different experimental vaccines that have been reported in the literatures in recent years besides highlighting the future need for developing cost-effective, oral vaccines that can be easily applicable at farm level.

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“…Since then, outbreaks of KHVD have been described in a number of countries in Europe, Asia and Africa (Haenen et al 2004;Michel et al 2010). The spread was rapid due to international fish trade, and koi shows around the world (Haenen et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a new cell line susceptible to Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV‐3) and possible latency ofCyHV‐3 by temperature shift in the cells

Imajoh

Fujioka

Furusawa

et al. 2014

Journal of Fish Diseases

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A new cell line named CCF-K104 predominantly consisting of fibroblastic cells showed optimal growth at temperatures from 25 °C to 30 °C. Serial morphological changes in the cells induced by Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) included cytoplasmic vacuolar formation, cell rounding and detachment. Mature virions were purified from CyHV-3-infected CCF-K104 cells by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation and had a typical herpesvirus structure on electron microscopy. Infectious CyHV-3 was produced stably in CCF-K104 cells over 30 viral passages. Our findings showed that CCF-K104 is a useful cell line for isolation and productive replication of CyHV-3. A temperature shift from 25 °C to 15 °C or 35 °C did not allow serial morphological changes as observed at 25 °C for 14 days. Under the same conditions, real-time PCR showed that CyHV-3 was present with low viral DNA loads, suggesting that CyHV-3 may establish latent infection in CCF-K104 cells. Amplification of the left and right terminal repeat sequences of the CyHV-3 genome arranged in a head-to-tail manner was detected by nested PCR following an upshift in temperature from 25 °C to 35 °C. The PCR results suggested that the circular genome may represent a latent form of CyHV-3.

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Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3

Abstract: TOC summary: This virus is useful for fundamental and applied research.

Cited by 77 publications

References 35 publications

Sensitivity and permissivity of Cyprinus carpio to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 during the early stages of its development: importance of the epidermal mucus as an innate immune barrier

Sensitivity and permissivity of Cyprinus carpio to cyprinid herpesvirus 3 during the early stages of its development: importance of the epidermal mucus as an innate immune barrier

Viral vaccines for farmed finfish

Establishment of a new cell line susceptible to Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV‐3) and possible latency ofCyHV‐3 by temperature shift in the cells

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