Cystitis Glandularis: A Rare Benign Condition Presenting as Bladder Tumor

Abstract

Cystitis glandularis or glandular metaplasia of the urinary bladder, is a benignreactive metaplasia of the urothelium, which occurs in the context of chronic irritation, in less than 2% of the general population. It is a condition in most casesasymptomatic, but also characterized by nonspecific symptoms and paraclinical findings, which is why this condition is underdiagnosed. Its evolution is mainly focused on the risk of malignant degeneration. This condition affects men much more commonly than women. Two forms of cystitis glandularis are recognized: typical and intestinal form. They differ in their histology, incidence, difficulty of diagnosis, and possible association with adenocarcinoma of the bladder. Diagnosis of certainty is histological by careful analysis of chips from bladder endoscopic resection. This rare pathology is managed by endoscopic bladder resection, with repeated cystoscopy as a monitoring tool. Extensive surgical is needed in severe or recurrent cases. We present here-in a case of a female patient having cystitis glandularis presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms. We review equally data reported in literature. To the best of our knowledge our case represents the fourth case of cystitis glandularis affecting a female patient reported in the English literature so far.

CircTHBS1 targeting miR-211/CCND2 pathway to promote cell proliferation and migration potential in primary cystitis glandularis cells

“…The etiology and pathogenesis of glandular cystitis are still controversial, but it is generally believed that glandular cystitis is a neoplastic lesion of urothelial hyperplasia formed in the role of long-term chronic stimulation [10][11][12]. Since the etiology and pathogenesis are unknown, there is no specific treatment plan [13,14]. Therefore, it is urgent to study the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of glandular cystitis, so as to provide references for subsequent treatment [15,16].…”

Severe obstructive symptoms and urinary bladder mass due to cystitis glandularis: A very rare case report in children

“…CG is usually a microscopic finding which large visible macroscopic lesion is a rare manifestation. However, several reported cases have demonstrated the case of CG manifested as bladder mass [5] . Histologically, cystitis glandularis would be seen as a cystic sac consisted of columnair or cuboidal cells as a result from proliferation in Von Brunn Nest's.…”