Cytokine and Chemokine Expression Kinetics After Corneal Transplantation1

King, William J.; Comer, Richard M.; Hudde, Tobias; Larkin, Frank; George, Andrew J.T.

doi:10.1097/00007890-200010270-00017

Cited by 74 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There is up-regulation of cytokines in both syngeneic and allogeneic grafts, although this is higher at later time points in allogeneic grafts undergoing rejection, and high levels of IFN-c were only ever seen in allografts [28]. Following corneal transplantation, we found a very significant up-regulation of IDO mRNA in allograft corneas compared to syngeneic controls, and increasing to the time of rejection onset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…During corneal allograft rejection, there is secretion of a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF [25] and IFN-c [27][28][29]. There is up-regulation of cytokines in both syngeneic and allogeneic grafts, although this is higher at later time points in allogeneic grafts undergoing rejection, and high levels of IFN-c were only ever seen in allografts [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RNA extraction and quantification was performed as previously described [28]. Before the reverse transcription, RNA were treated with RNase-free DNase (RQ RNase-free DNase, Promega, Madison, WI) for 30 min to eliminate genomic DNA contamination.…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Reverse Transcriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcripts were normalised to levels of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mRNA, using a plasmid encoding a fragment of the HPRT gene. This plasmid was obtained by amplification of a 176-bp fragment of the HPRT gene from a plasmid encoding HPRT gene [28] using the following primers (forward 3 0 -GTAATGATCCAGT-CAACGGGGGAC-5 0 and reverse 3 0 -CCAGCAAGCTTGCAACCT-TAACCA-5 0 ). The PCR product was purified using Roche DNA purification kit and cloned into the pCMV script vector (Stratagene) by blunt end cloning.…”

Section: Quantitative Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Function of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase in corneal allograft rejection and prolongation of allograft survival by over‐expression

et al. 2006

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Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) suppresses T cell responses by its action in catabolising tryptophan. It is important in maintenance of immune privilege in the placenta. We investigated the activity of IDO in the cornea, following corneal transplantation and the effect of IDO over-expression in donor corneal endothelium on the survival of corneal allografts. IDO expression was analysed and functional activity was quantified in normal murine cornea and in corneas following transplantation as allografts. Low levels of IDO, at both mRNA and protein levels, was detected in the normal cornea, up-regulated by IFN-c and TNF. Expression of IDO in cornea was significantly increased following corneal transplantation. However, inhibition of IDO activity in vivo had no effect on graft survival. Following IDO cDNA transfer, murine corneal endothelial cells expressed functional IDO, which was effective at inhibiting allogeneic T cell proliferation. Over-expression of IDO in donor corneal allografts resulted in prolonged graft survival. While, on one hand, our data indicate that IDO may augment corneal immune privilege, up-regulated IDO activity following cytokine stimulation may serve to inhibit inflammatory cellular responses. While increasing IDO mRNA expression was found in allogeneic corneas at rejection, over-expression in donor cornea was found to significantly extend survival of allografts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rna Extraction and Reverse Transcriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Function of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase in corneal allograft rejection and prolongation of allograft survival by over‐expression

et al. 2006

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“…A number of studies indicate that rejection of corneal allografts is mediated predominantly by a Th1-response identified on the distinct cytokine profile detected within rejected corneal grafts as well as in aqueous humor of experimental animals undergoing transplant failure. [4][5][6][7] Interleukin-10 (IL-10), originally described as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor 8 is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine that interacts with antigen presenting cells. In addition, IL-10 inhibits production of monokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of local and systemic viral interleukin-10 gene transfer on corneal allograft survival

et al. 2006

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Soluble Fas Ligand and Transforming Growth Factor β2 in the Aqueous Humor of Patients With Endothelial Immune Reactions After Penetrating Keratoplasty

Reinhard

Bönig²,

Mayweg³

et al. 2002

Arch Ophthalmol

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Background: Excellent long-term prognosis of penetrating corneal grafts has been explained by the immunological privilege of the cornea and the anterior chamber. In animal models the secretion of transforming growth factor ␤ 2 (TGF-␤ 2) into the anterior chamber and the expression of the Fas ligand on corneal endothelial cells were identified as important for the integrity of the immunological privilege. Objective: To determine the TGF-␤ 2 and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) levels in the aqueous humor of patients after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) who have and who do not have immune reactions. Methods: Anterior chamber puncture was performed in 13 patients who had a cataract without PK (group 1), in 31 patients after PK who did not have immune reactions (group 2), and in 12 patients after PK newly diagnosed as having endothelial immune reactions (group 3). Total TGF-␤ 2 and sFasL were determined via enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results: Transforming growth factor ␤ 2 was detected in all patients, irrespective of the underlying condition; there was no difference in TGF-␤ 2 levels between the different groups (P=.89, analysis of variance). None of the patients in group 1, 11 of 31 patients in group 2, and 8 of 12 patients in group 3 had detectable sFasL concentrations (P=.002, 2 test). Soluble Fas ligand averaged (mean [SD]) 20.8 (31.1) pg/mL in group 2, and 38.1 (33.2) pg/mL (PϽ.01, analysis of variance) in group 3. Conclusions: It appears that total TGF-␤ 2 is maintained at high steady-state levels, while the level of sFasL is upregulated in patients who underwent PK, particularily in the advent of graft rejection.

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Cytokine and Chemokine Expression Kinetics After Corneal Transplantation1

Cited by 74 publications

References 27 publications

Function of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase in corneal allograft rejection and prolongation of allograft survival by over‐expression

Function of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase in corneal allograft rejection and prolongation of allograft survival by over‐expression

Effects of local and systemic viral interleukin-10 gene transfer on corneal allograft survival

Soluble Fas Ligand and Transforming Growth Factor β2 in the Aqueous Humor of Patients With Endothelial Immune Reactions After Penetrating Keratoplasty

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