Cytopenias and Their Correction During Antiviral Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis C in Patients With Genotype 1

Манапова, Э. Р.; Fazylov, V. Ch.; Guryanova, Svetlana V.

doi:10.18821/0507-4088-2017-62-4-174-178

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The effect of MPs on various immunocompetent cells is expressed in the induction of the synthesis of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which activates leukopoiesis and corrects cytopenias [118,119], and hematopoiesis-stimulating activity is also manifested in monotherapy [89,120].…”

Section: Muramyl Peptide Regulation Of Intracellular Signaling Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Immune Homeostasis via Muramyl Peptides-Low Molecular Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin

Guryanova

2022

Microorganisms

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Metabolites and fragments of bacterial cells play an important role in the formation of immune homeostasis. Formed in the course of evolution, symbiotic relationships between microorganisms and a macroorganism are manifested, in particular, in the regulation of numerous physiological functions of the human body by the innate immunity receptors. Low molecular weight bioregulators of bacterial origin have recently attracted more and more attention as drugs in the prevention and composition of complex therapy for a wide range of diseases of bacterial and viral etiology. Signaling networks show cascades of causal relationships of deterministic phenomena that support the homeostasis of multicellular organisms at different levels. To create networks, data from numerous biomedical and clinical research databases were used to prepare expert systems for use in pharmacological and biomedical research with an emphasis on muramyl dipeptides. Muramyl peptides are the fragments of the cell wall of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Binding of muramyl peptides with intracellular NOD2 receptors is crucial for an immune response on pathogens. Depending on the microenvironment and duration of action, muramyl peptides possess positive or negative regulation of inflammation. Other factors, such as genetic, pollutions, method of application and stress also contribute and should be taken into account. A system biology approach should be used in order to systemize all experimental data for rigorous analysis, with the aim of understanding intrinsic pathways of homeostasis, in order to define precise medicine therapy and drug design.

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Section: Muramyl Peptide Regulation Of Intracellular Signaling Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Immune Homeostasis via Muramyl Peptides-Low Molecular Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin

Guryanova

2022

Microorganisms

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“…GMDP also has antiviral activity: it suppresses the spread of the influenza virus in the body of infected mice (118). GMDP stimulates leukopoiesis: its daily administration to irradiated animals at a dose of 100 mg for 8 days significantly increases both the total number of leukocytes and the number of neutrophils on the 6-7th day after irradiation (124), corrects cytopenia during antiviral therapy for hepatitis C (46). GMDP has antitumor activity: it inhibits the growth of some transplanted tumors, exhibits synergism with other antitumor agents and immunostimulants (125).…”

Section: Disaccharide-containing Muramyl Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result of the activation of NLR receptors is an inflammatory response of the body, manifested in the enhancement of the antimicrobial function of neutrophils (33-35), monocytes and macrophages (36,37), an increase in the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells (NK cells) (38,39), activation of B-cells (40), CD8 +, gd T cells (41)(42)(43), which ultimately leads to the elimination of the pathogen. Induction of CSF synthesis activates leukopoiesis, correcting cytopenias (44)(45)(46), and leads to the emergence of immunological tolerance to foreign antigens, including commensals (47). Muramyl peptides, by activating the NOD2 receptor, promote synergistic cooperation of intracellular NF-kB-MAPK-and IRF-signaling cascades under the joint action of TLR4 and TLR9 agonists (48).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Using Muramyl Peptides - Modulators of Innate Immunity of Bacterial Origin - in Medicine

Guryanova

Хаитов

2021

Front. Immunol.

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The spread of infectious diseases is rampant. The emergence of new infections, the irrational use of antibiotics in medicine and their widespread use in agriculture contribute to the emergence of microorganisms that are resistant to antimicrobial drugs. By 2050, mortality from antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria is projected to increase up to 10 million people per year, which will exceed mortality from cancer. Mutations in bacteria and viruses are occurring faster than new drugs and vaccines are being introduced to the market. In search of effective protection against infections, new strategies and approaches are being developed, one of which is the use of innate immunity activators in combination with etiotropic chemotherapy drugs. Muramyl peptides, which are part of peptidoglycan of cell walls of all known bacteria, regularly formed in the body during the breakdown of microflora and considered to be natural regulators of immunity. Their interaction with intracellular receptors launches a sequence of processes that ultimately leads to the increased expression of genes of MHC molecules, pro-inflammatory mediators, cytokines and their soluble and membrane-associated receptors. As a result, all subpopulations of immunocompetent cells are activated: macrophages and dendritic cells, neutrophils, T-, B- lymphocytes and natural killer cells for an adequate response to foreign or transformed antigens, manifested both in the regulation of the inflammatory response and in providing immunological tolerance. Muramyl peptides take part in the process of hematopoiesis, stimulating production of colony-stimulating factors, which is the basis for their use in the treatment of oncological diseases. In this review we highlight clinical trials of drugs based on muramyl peptides, as well as clinical efficacy of drugs mifamurtide, lycopid, liasten and polimuramil. Such a multifactorial effect of muramyl peptides and a well-known mechanism of activity make them promising drugs in the treatment and preventing of infectious, allergic and oncological diseases, and in the composition of vaccines.

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“…Muramyl peptides are included in the structure of the cell wall of all known bacteria and implement their biological activity through specific binding to NOD2 receptors of innate immunity related to NLR [21]. Muramyl peptides, acting on cells of the immune system and epitheliocytes, stimulates production of cytokines, immunoglobulins and defensins, changes the phenotype of immunocompetent cells [22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory response modulation by epinephrine and norepinephrine

Guryanova,

Ferberg,

Sigmatulin

2023

Vestn. Ross. univ. družby nar., Ser. Med.

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Relevance. Inflammation is a defense response of an organism to a pathogen. It appears in order to maintain homeostasis and is regulated by the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems. The hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced in the adrenal medulla and in the brain, and are universal messengers that trigger the transmission of nerve impulses at synapses, and also have a receptor-mediated effect on immunocompetent cells. The aim of this study was to investigate adrenergic pathway regulation of inflammation on the neutrophil granulocytes in the presence of activators of innate immunity receptors. Materials and Methods. Neutrophil granulocytes were obtained from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers in a density gradient of Histopaque 1077 and Histopaque 1119 (Sigma Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), and cultured in the presence of LPS, GMDP, epinephrine and norepinephrine. The amount of human neutrophil peptides 1-3 (HNP1-3) was examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the gene expression of TLR4, NOD2, ATF3 and A20 was determined using RT-PCR. Results and Discussion. Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) was found to decrease the synthesis of human neutrophils peptides 1-3 (HNP 1-3 defensins, alone and in the combination with agonists of TLR4 and NOD2 receptors - LPS and GMDP respectively. It was found out that there was no a statistically significant effect of epinephrine (adrenaline) on the production of HNP 1-3, including when combined with LPS and GMDP. As a result of the study, an increase in the levels of expression of the genes TLR4, NOD2 and regulator of inflammatory reactions A20 both in LPS- and GMDP- induced neutrophil culture were uncovered, while ATF3 was increased only in LPS-induced neutrophil culture. Epinephrine demonstrated the absence of a statistically significant effect on the expression of the studied genes. While norepinephrine significantly increased the expression of A20 genes. Conclusion. The data obtained shows that norepinephrine can reduce the synthesis of HNP 1-3, including the one induced by LPS and GMDP. Moreover, the ability of norepinephrine to induce the expression of A20 may play a significant role in modulation of inflammation.

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Cytopenias and Their Correction During Antiviral Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis C in Patients With Genotype 1

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Regulation of Immune Homeostasis via Muramyl Peptides-Low Molecular Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin

Regulation of Immune Homeostasis via Muramyl Peptides-Low Molecular Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin

Strategies for Using Muramyl Peptides - Modulators of Innate Immunity of Bacterial Origin - in Medicine

Inflammatory response modulation by epinephrine and norepinephrine

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