Cytoplasmic membrane-bound vesicles in echovirus 12-infected cells

Inhibition of Echovirus-12 Multiplication by N-Carbobenzoxy-D-Glucosamine

“…It was also shown that poliovirus RNA synthesis occurs in membranous structures (Girard,Baltimore & Darnell,I967). Data presented here and previously reported indicates that similar relationships exist for Echovirus-I2 infected cultures (Skinner et al 1968). Furthermore, special sedimentation classes of membranes appear also to serve as specific sites for the synthesis of virus RNA and virus protein (Caliguiri & Tamm,I97ob;Roumiantzeff,Summers & Maizel,I97I), and recent evidence suggests that at least the association with membranes, if not membrane synthesis per se, is required for the assembly of virions (Yin & Knight, 1975).…”

“…Furthermore, special sedimentation classes of membranes appear also to serve as specific sites for the synthesis of virus RNA and virus protein (Caliguiri & Tamm,I97ob;Roumiantzeff,Summers & Maizel,I97I), and recent evidence suggests that at least the association with membranes, if not membrane synthesis per se, is required for the assembly of virions (Yin & Knight, 1975). Secondly, it was previously shown that the latest time after infection at which the addition of HBB to infected cultures still prevented the development of membrane-bound vesicles (3"o h post infection) was the same time that the compound could still also prevent the synthesis of capsid protein (Skinner et al 1968). Thirty minutes later, addition of HBB resulted in the complete development of membrane-bound vesicles along with a limited yield of virus capsids.…”

“…The ability to stimulate choline incorporation and to induce the development of membrane-bound vesicles in infected cells is another property shared by Echovirus-I2 with other picornaviruses (Skinner et al 1968;Halperen, I974). Cellular membranes are known to contain derivatives of glucosamine as well as choline, and radioactive choline has been used to label specifically cytoplasmic membranes in virus-infected cells (Amako & Dales,I967b).…”

“…Infection with Echovirus-I2, similarly to other picornaviruses, stimulates the incorporation of choline and the synthesis of cytoplasmic membranes (Halperen,I974), and induces the formation of membrane-bound vesicles (Skinner, Halperen & Harkin, 1968). These facts coupled with the reports showing that newly synthesized smooth cytoplasmic membranes play a role in the synthesis of specific macromolecules of poliovirus (Caliguiri & Tamm,I969;Caliguiri & Tamm,I97oa,b), and the finding that a cellular, glucosaminecontaining constituent is included within Echovirus-I 2 capsids (Halperen,Stone & Korant,I973), suggested that membrane synthesis is also essential for the multiplication of In this report the results of experiments with a glucosamine derivative, N-carbobenzoxy-D-glucosamine (NCBZG), which inhibits the multiplication of Echovirus-I2 and prevents the incorporation into cells of the membrane precursors, glucosamine and choline are described.…”

Comparisons of Picornavirus-induced Modifications of the Distribution of Radioactive Choline among Cytoplasmic Lipid Macromolecules

“…Poliovirus infection stimulates the synthesis of phospholipid macromolecules in cytoplasmic membranes (Cornatzer et al, 1961;Penman, 1965;Mosser et aL, 1972b), and membranes isolated from infected cells contain newly synthesized virus products (Caliguiri & Tamm, 1970) which have been implicated in viral processes (Putnak & Phillips, 1981 ;Yin, 1977), and have been identified (Mosser et al, 1972a) with the cytoplasmic membranes seen by electron microscopy to proliferate in cells infected with a number of picornaviruses (Dales et al, 1965;Kawana & Matsumoto, 1971;Amako & Dales, 1967;Skinner et al, 1968). Although the ultrastructural appearance of the proliferating membrane-bound vesicles is the same for all picornaviruses thus far described, no comparisons have been made of the characteristics of cytoplasmic, membrane-associated macromolecules isolated from cells infected with picornaviruses other than from those infected with poliovirus.…”