Cytotoxic and anthelmintic potential of crude saponins isolated from Achillea Wilhelmsii C. Koch and Teucrium Stocksianum boiss

Abstract

BackgroundSaponins isolated from plant sources have a number of traditional and industrial applications. Saponins have pharmacological effects like anti-inflammatory, molluscicidal, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antidiabetic, anticancer, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, antitussive and cytotoxic activities. The current work describes the anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of crude saponins of Achillea Wilhelmsii and Teucrium Stocksianum as these plants are rich with saponins.MethodsBrine shrimp cytotoxic activity of crude saponins was determined by Meyer et al. (1982) at test concentrations of 1000 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, 7.5 μg/ml, 5.0 μg/ml, 2.5 μg/ml and 1.25 μg/ml. Percentage mortality of test concentrations was determined. Similarly, in vitro anthelmintic activity was determined against roundworms, tapeworms and earthworms. Albendazole and piperazine citrate at concentration 10 mg/ml were used as standard anthelmintic drugs.ResultsCrude saponins of Achillea wilhelmsii (CSA) and Teucrium stocksianum (CST) had, respectively, cytotoxic activity with LC50 values 2.3 ± 0.16 and 5.23 ± 0. 34 μg/ml. For in vitro anthelmintic activity, time for paralysis and death of parasites (parasiticidal activity) was noted. At concentration 40 mg/ml, crude saponins of Achillea wilhelmsii are 1.96 and 2.12 times more potent than albendazole against Pheretima posthuma and Raillietina spiralis, respectively. Similarly, at concentration 40 mg/ml, crude saponins of Teucrium stocksianum (CST) has 1.89, 1.96 and 1.37 times more parasiticidal activity than albendazole against Pheretima posthuma, Raillietina spiralis and Ascardia galli, respectively.ConclusionCrude saponins of Achillea wilhelmsii and Teucrium stocksianum have cytotoxic and anthelmintic activity. The crude saponins may be excellent sources of cytotoxic and anthelmintic constituents that warrant its isolation and purification for new drug development.

Antioxidant and relaxant activity of fractions of crude methanol extract and essential oil of Artemisia macrocephala jacquem

“…Since the plant was reported to have antispasmodic activity, hence, the current work is a step forward attempt to know in which fractions the relaxant constituents concentrate. Antioxidant activity was also performed as the plant contains flavonoids, which have antioxidant activity in general [9,10]. …”

Analysis of chemical constituents and antinociceptive potential of essential oil of Teucrium Stocksianum bioss collected from the North West of Pakistan

“…Teucrium stocksianum possesses hepatoprotective and gastric cytoprotective properties [15,16]. Crude saponins isolated from it have shown cytotoxic and anthelminthic effects [17], while antispasmodic activity has also been reported recently. These scientific studies indicate high medicinal potential of T. stocksianum.…”

Protective effects of IranianAchillea wilhelmsiiessential oil on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver

“…The reports indicated that the A. wilhelmsii essential oil also contains active components (Afsharypuor et al, 1996) with different biological properties such as anxiolytic (Majnooni et al, 2013), insecticide (Khani et al, 2012), cytotoxic, and anthelmintic potential (Ali et al, 2011). Our recent study indicated the in vitro antioxidant activity of A. wilhelmsii essential oils with the p-cymene, terpinolene, and a-thujene as the major compounds (Roshanaei et al, 2012).…”