“…Enhanced adsorption can be accomplished using metal oxides, which as crystalline materials that possess a metal cation and an oxide anion, e.g. MgO, Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , CuO, and ZnO (Gupta et al, 2007;Srivastava et al, 2020). Indeed, metal oxide-based adsorbents bear functional groups, e.g., eOH, eC]O, and eCOOH, and active sites, which can adsorb a wide range of contaminants (Batzill, 2011;Mahmoud et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2016;Bagbi et al, 2017;Li et al, 2016).…”