2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80000-1
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Cytotoxic Escherichia coli strains encoding colibactin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor, and cytolethal distending toxin colonize laboratory common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Abstract: Cyclomodulins are virulence factors that modulate cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and proliferation. These include colibactin (pks), cytotoxic necrotizing factor (cnf), and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). Pathogenic pks+, cnf+, and cdt+ E. coli strains are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer in humans and animals. Captive marmosets are frequently afflicted with IBD-like disease, and its association with cyclomodulins is unknown. Cyclomodulin-encoding E. coli rectal is… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…Rectal swabs and fecal samples were collected and screened for potentially pathogenic bacteria (including Salmonella spp., Shigella spp, beta-hemolytic E.coli , Klebsiella spp., and Campylobacter spp.) 75 and parasites (including Enterobius spp., Entamoeba spp., Giardia spp., Taenia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp.). Intradermal testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was performed semiannually as well.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rectal swabs and fecal samples were collected and screened for potentially pathogenic bacteria (including Salmonella spp., Shigella spp, beta-hemolytic E.coli , Klebsiella spp., and Campylobacter spp.) 75 and parasites (including Enterobius spp., Entamoeba spp., Giardia spp., Taenia spp., and Cryptosporidium spp.). Intradermal testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was performed semiannually as well.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The AIEC strain was first identified in recurrent CD soon after surgery, and therefore, the AIEC strain may play a role in initiating inflammation and may not be merely a secondary invader. The presence of AIEC strains in the colon and ileum of healthy individuals ranged from 0% to 16% and from 6% to 19%[ 74 ], respectively, suggesting that AIEC strains are associated with CD-related factors, such as host genetic susceptibility and environmental stimuli, to induce colitis. Bacterial translocation and mucosal damage are rarely observed in healthy individuals.…”
Section: Aiec In CDmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The toxin causes IL-2 reduction and IL-17 increase, which lead to the proliferation and survival of cancer cells [37,38]. CDT, cytotoxic necrotizing factor (CNF), cycle inhibiting factor, Shiga toxin and subtilase toxin are important cyclomodulins which can alter the cell cycle in favor of bacterial invasion and colonization [39]. CDT and Colibactin arrest the cell cycle and damage the double-stranded structure of DNA by alkylating adenine bases [40].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%