Cytotoxic isovaleryl sucrose esters from Ainsliaea yunnanensis: reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and increase of reactive oxygen species levels in A549 cells

Abstract

Eight isovaleryl sucrose esters, named ainslosides A-H (1-8), were isolated from Ainsliaea yunnanensis Franch. Their structures, including the absolute configurations of the sugar residues, were elucidated by extensive analysis of NMR spectra and acid hydrolysis. All compounds were tested in vitro for cytotoxicity against four human tumour cell lines, A549, HCT116, MDA-MB-231, and BEL7404. Among the compounds tested, ainsloside B (2) showed potent cytotoxicity against the A549 cell line with an IC 50 value of 3.3 mM. Flow cytometry analysis showed that compound 2 can arrest the cell cycle at the G 0 /G 1 phase and induce cell apoptosis in A549 cells. Further studies indicated that the apoptosis-inducing effect of compound 2 may be involved in the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in A549 cells.

Pyoluteorin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231

“…The ROS plays a key role in inducing cancer cells to undergo mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis. [ 14,18,19 ] In this study, intracellular ROS level was detected by fluorescence microscopy following staining with DCFH‐DA. The results (Figure 6) showed that the ROS level was increased in a dose‐dependent manner after incubated with different concentration of pyoluteorin for 24 h. To further verify whether the cell apoptosis was associated with generation of intracellular ROS, we analysed the ROS fluorescence imaging by laser scanning confocal microscopy.…”

Sesquiterpenoids and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity: Evaluation of Ainsliaea yunnanensis

“…Previous phytochemical studies of this species have led to the isolation and identification of sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, isovaleryl sucrose esters and three other components [6,7,8,9,10,11]. Sesquiterpenoids are an important type of constituent contributing to bioactivity, and have been revealed to possess potential anti-inflammatory activity [6,8].…”