Cytotoxic Properties on Prostate and Cervical Cancer Cells in Culture of «<i>Acti-plus</i>», a Recipe Based on Medicinal Plants from Burkina Faso

Abstract

Medicinal plants are increasingly emerging as a real alternative that can contribute to the fight against cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antiradical, anti-lipoxygenase and cytotoxic properties on cancerous cells in culture of the medicinal recipe «Acti-plus». The extraction of «Acti-plus» was carried out according the instructions of the traditional health practitioner. Phytochemical screening, as well as the determination of polyphenols and total flavonoids were performed using characterization and assay tests by spectrometry as well as by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Antiradical tests for trapping DPPH and ABTS radicals were used to measure the antioxidant potential. Antilipoxygenase activity was studied using 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibition test. The cytotoxic activity of aqueous extract of «Acti-plus» was evaluated in vitro on human cancers cell using MTT test. The results of the study showed that aqueous extract of «Acti-plus» contains flavonoids, coumarins and tannins. Total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) were 61.95 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g dry extract and 43.01 ± 0.05 mg QE/g dry extract respectively. The extract exhibited excellent scavenging capacity of DPPH (IC 50 = 9.33 ± 1.53 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC 50 = 53.33 ± 0.89 µg/mL) radicals antioxidant potential. The study also found that the extract moderately inhibits 15-lipoxygenase at 100 µg/mL. Aqueous extract of «Actiplus» inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the proliferation of the three cell lines with best activity (IC 50 = 0.317 ± 0.02 mg/mL) on prostate cancer PC-3 cells. These properties give a rational basis for the use of the recipe «Acti-plus» in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso.