Daily Dietary Selenium Intake in a High Selenium Area of Enshi, China

Abstract

Enshi is a high selenium (Se) region in Hubei, China, where human selenosis was observed between 1958 and 1963. This study investigated the daily dietary Se intake of residents in Shadi, a town located 72 km northeast of Enshi City, to assess the risk of human selenosis in the high Se area. Foods consumed typically by the local residents and their hair samples were analyzed for total Se concentration. Concentrations of Se in different diet categories were as follows: cereals: 0.96 ± 0.90 mg kg−1 DW in rice and 0.43 ± 0.55 mg kg−1 DW in corn; tuber: 0.28 ± 0.56 mg kg−1 in potato and 0.36 ± 0.12 mg kg−1 in sweet potato; vegetables: ranging from 0.23 ± 1.00 mg kg−1 in carrot to 1.57 ± 1.06 mg kg−1 in kidney bean; animal proteins: 1.99 ± 1.11 mg kg−1 in chicken and egg. Based on the food Se concentrations and the daily per-capita consumption, the estimated daily Se intake in Shadi was 550 ± 307 µg per capita. Moreover, the Se concentrations in the hairs of local adult residents were 3.13 ± 1.91 mg kg−1 (n = 122) and 2.21 ± 1.14 mg kg−1 (n = 122) for females and males, respectively, suggesting that females might be exposed to higher levels of Se from daily cooking. Although there was no human selenosis occurrence in recent years, the high level of the daily Se intake suggested that the potential risk of selenosis for local residents, especially females, might be a matter of concern.

Selenium and its Role in Higher Plants

“…The most important factors in soil Se supply to Yuan et al ( 2012 ) and Huang et al( 2013 ) Time is coresponding to sampling time a Yuan et al ( 2012 ) H. El-Ramady et al plants include the Se content of parent rocks (Spadoni et al 2007 ), which controls soil Se concentrations and plant availability as Se bioavailability generally decreases with decreasing pH and the increased content of organic matter, clay minerals and iron hydroxides (Gissel-Nielsen et al 1984 ) as reviewed by Stroud et al ( 2010a ). Under certain conditions, cereals and other farm crops grown on Se-rich soils may, accumulate high levels of Se and even pose a threat of toxicity to consumers.…”

Distribution and Accumulation of Selenium in Plants and Health Risk Assessment from a Selenium-Rich Area in China

“…In China, the mean value of Se in rice is about 88 μg kg -1 . However, the concentrations found in the rice samples of the Dashan Region (410±42μg kg -1 ) were much higher than this value, and was also higher than the mean global value (95 μg kg ) [16], but was about 2 times lower than that found in rice samples of Enshi of Hubei Province (mean = 960 μg kg -1 ), which was recognized as the "world capital of Se" [20]. Furthermore, Se in other crops of the Dashan region, such as maize, potato, pumpkin, eggplant, capsicum, and radish, were also obviously higher than those found in crops of other regions of China, but were lower than those detected in crops of Enshi.…”

“…Furthermore, Se in other crops of the Dashan region, such as maize, potato, pumpkin, eggplant, capsicum, and radish, were also obviously higher than those found in crops of other regions of China, but were lower than those detected in crops of Enshi. The details can be found in Table 3 [7,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. Generally, levels of Se in crops of the Dashan region were at the high end of China.…”

Міграція Селену У Біогеохімічному Ланцюзі: Ґрунт– Вода– Рослина–продукція Птахівництва–людина

“…У світі прийнята максимально допустима доза добового споживання мікроелемента, яка становить 800 мкг (Fairweather-Tait et. al., 2011;Huang et. al., 2013).…”